Fig. 8From: Reference ranges (“normal values”) for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in adults and children: 2020 updateImages of a 4D flow sequence illustrating sites of measurement of peak systolic velocity. According to reference [77] measurements were obtained where the transvalvular velocity reaches its maximum during peak systole (vena contracta region) (a). In reference [76] peak systolic velocity was obtained in the ascending aorta 6 cm proximal from the most cranial point of the aortic arch centerline (b)Back to article page