Fig. 3

Representative time curves displaying In-plane vs through-plane kinetic energy in remodelled versus non-remodelled LV post-STEMI. A Case of a 46-year-old male with inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to right coronary artery (RCA) and acute left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) of 38%. 4D-flow CMR analysis show a proportion of systolic in-plane flow of 40%. By 12-months, this patient’s LV had undergone adverse remodelling (LVEF 31%). B Case of a 58-year- with inferior STEMI, PCI to RCA and acute LVEF of 46%. Compared to patient A, this patient had a lower proportion of in-plane flow during systole (21%). This patient did not undergo adverse remodelling by 12 months (LVEF 55%). Panel C and D shows velocity maps (short-axis through-plane, short-axis in-plane and long-axis in-plane) for the two patients respectively. Compared to patient B, patient A (who subsequently underwent adverse remodelling at 12 months) had lower through-plane, and higher in-plane velocities in the acute scan