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Fig. 6 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Fig. 6

From: Non-contrast free-breathing 3D cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography using REACT (relaxation-enhanced angiography without contrast) compared to contrast-enhanced steady-state magnetic resonance angiography in complex pediatric congenital heart disease at 3T

Fig. 6

A 4-year-old boy with truncus arteriosus communis, ventricular septal defect, and dysplastic tricuspid valve (multiplanar reformatted images in coronal view show different image reconstructions derived from modified Dixon sequence). A Compared to the contrast-enhanced CMRA, a fat-water swapping artifact is seen on native REACT CMRA. B A hypointense signal is observed within the right inferior pulmonary vein (arrow) on native CMRA water-only image. C Fat-only image shows high signal in the same area indicating a fat-water signal swapping (arrow). D In this situation, the in- and out-of-phase images should also be generated, because they are usually not affected by this Dixon-specific artifact. Note the double inferior vena cava variant with better vessel delineation from the adjacent liver on native CMRA (arrowheads)

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Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

ISSN: 1532-429X

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