Table 3 Age-adjusted thoracic duct diameter, and tortuosity by clinical event in patients with Fontan circulation (N = 189)
Clinical event | Event | No event | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Plastic bronchitis, n | 2 | 187 | |
Age at CMR, years | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 18.5 ± 10.0 | 0.11 |
Maximum thoracic duct diameter, mm | 2.8 (0.7) | 2.8 (0.1) | 0.95 |
Tortuosity | 0.51 | ||
None/mild | 1 (50%) | 118 (71%) | |
Moderate/severe | 1 (50%) | 49 (29%) | |
PLE, n | 4 | 185 | |
Age at CMR, years | 12.9 ± 3.9 | 18.5 ± 10.1 | 0.27 |
Maximum thoracic duct diameter, mm | 4.1 (0.5) | 2.7 (0.1) | 0.005 |
Tortuosity | 0.08 | ||
None/mild | 1 (25%) | 118 (72%) | |
Moderate/severe | 3 (75%) | 47 (29%) | |
NYHA class ≥ II, n | 21 | 168 | |
Age at CMR, years | 21.1 ± 11.7 | 18.0 ± 9.8 | 0.19 |
Maximum thoracic duct diameter, mm | 2.9 (0.2) | 2.7 (0.1) | 0.50 |
Tortuosity | 0.02 | ||
None/mild | 9 (45%) | 110 (74%) | |
Moderate/severe | 11 (55%) | 39 (26%) | |
Major thrombotic event, n | 17 | 166 | |
Age at CMR, years | 23.4 ± 17.0 | 17.9 ± 9.0 | 0.20 |
Maximum thoracic duct diameter, mm | 2.4 (0.3) | 2.8 (0.01) | 0.13 |
Tortuosity | 1.00 | ||
None/mild | 11 (73%) | 102 (69%) | |
Moderate/severe | 4 (27%) | 46 (31%) | |
Arrhythmia history, n | 52 | 137 | |
Age at CMR, years | 23.6 ± 12.8 | 16.3 ± 8.0 | < 0.001 |
Maximum thoracic duct diameter, mm | 2.5 (0.2) | 2.8 (0.1) | 0.12 |
Tortuosity | 0.35 | ||
None/mild | 35 (76%) | 84 (68%) | |
Moderate/severe | 11 (24%) | 39 (32%) |