Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Country | Study design | No of patients | Male, % | Age | Heart rate | BMI | Definition of CAD | CAD prevalence, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jahnke_2005 | Germany | Single prospective | 32 | 78 | 59 ± 10 | 67 ± 12 | 27.2 + 4.2 |  ≥ 50% | 50 |
Sakuma_2005 | Japan | Single prospective | 20 | 80 | 65 ± 12 | 70 ± 12 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 60 |
Dewey_2006 | Germany | Single prospective | 129 | 74 | 64 ± 8 | N/A | 27.0 ± 3.5 |  ≥ 50% | 56 |
Kim_2006 | Korea | Single | 21 | 71 | 54.2 | 66.2 ± 14.6 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | N/A |
Sakuma_2006 | Japan | Single prospective | 113 | 87 | 66 ± 11 | 72 ± 13 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 45 |
Liu_2007 | China | Single | 18 | 66 | 56 | N/A | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 36 coronary segments |
Maintz_2007 | Germany | Single | 20 | 75 | 58 ± 9.7 | N/A | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 23 coronary segments |
McCarthy_2007 | USA | Single | 33 | 66 | 57 | N/A | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 52 coronary segments |
Klein_2008 | UK | Single prospective | 46 | 48 | 60 ± 10 | 73 ± 15 | 27.6 ± 4.1 |  ≥ 50% | 48 |
Oncel_2008 | Turkey | Single | 18 | 72 | 56.3 | 62 ± 10 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 61 |
Pouleur_2008 | Belgium | Single prospective | 77 | 73 | 61 ± 14 | 69 ± 15 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 22 |
Kunimasa_2009 | Japan | Single | 43 | 77 | 65 ± 13 | 66 ± 12 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 77 |
Langer_2009 | Germany | Single prospective | 68 | 56 | 63.6 ± 11 | 64.9 ± 13 | 27.6 ± 3.5 |  ≥ 50% | 38 |
Yang_2009 | China | Single prospective | 62 | 48 | 61 ± 11 | 67 ± 7 | 24.1 ± 2.8 |  ≥ 50% | 55 |
Chen_2010 | Germany | Single prospective | 67 | 67 | 60 ± 10 | 65 ± 9 | 25.6 + 4.5 |  ≥ 50% | 55 |
Kato_2010 | Japan | Multicenter prospective | 127 | 44 | 67 ± 9 | 68 ± 12 | 24 + 4 |  ≥ 50% | 44 |
Hamdan_2011 | Germany | Single prospective | 110 | 70 | 65 ± 8 | 63 ± 8 | 27 ± 3.9 |  ≥ 50% | 56 |
Nagata_2011 | Japan | Single prospective | 67 | 58 | 69 ± 13 | 72 ± 10 | 23 ± 3 |  ≥ 50% | 58 |
Wagner_2011 | Germany | Single prospective | 27 | 13 | 55 ± 7 | N/A | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 67 |
Yang_2012 | China | Single prospective | 101 | 48 | 58 ± 11 | 66 ± 8 | 24 ± 3 |  ≥ 50% | 49 |
Bettencourt_2013 | Portugal | Single | 43 | 65 | 61 ± 8 | 65 ± 6 | 28.4 ± 5.43 |  ≥ 90%, ≥ 50% in LMT, or FFR ≤ 0.80 | 56 |
Cheng_2013 | China | Single | 30 | 70 | 51.6 (mean) | N/A | N/A |  ≥ 50% | N/A |
Heer_2013 | Germany | Single | 59 | 61 | 59 ± 13 | 62 ± 8 | 25.9 ± 3.8 |  ≥ 50% | 51 |
Piccini_2014 | Switzerland | Single | 31 | 68 | 49 ± 21 | N/A | 24.3 ± 4.6 |  ≥ 50% | 68 |
Yonezawa_2014 | Japan | Single prospective | 62 | 74 | 69 ± 13 | 73 ± 10 | 23 ± 3 |  ≥ 50% | 53 |
Yun_2014 | China | Single prospective | 53 | 86 | 58.7 ± 9.1 | 65 ± 11 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | N/A |
He_2016 | China | Single prospective | 39 | 77 | 57 ± 10 | 70 ± 7 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 59 |
Namba_2016 | Japan | Single retrospective | 24 | 58 | 62.2 ± 16 | 71.0 ± 14.1 | 24.7 ± 3.6 |  ≥ 50% | 50 |
Chen_2018 | China | Single | 40 | 88 | 58.1 ± 10.9 | 64.8 ± 9.2 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 78 |
Zhang_2018 | China | Single | 46 | 72 | 54 ± 12 | 67 ± 10 | N/A |  ≥ 50% | 74 |
Sun_2020 | China | Single prospective | 51 | 75 | 60.2 ± 6.7 | 65 ± 8 | 24.8 ± 2.1 |  ≥ 50% | 61 |
Lin_2021 | China | Single prospective | 45 | 67 | 58 ± 8 | 66 ± 9 | 26.1 ± 3.7 |  ≥ 50% | 73 |
Lu_2022 | China | Single prospective | 82 | 65 | 58 ± 10 | 68.79 ± 10.64 | 24.94 ± 3.78 |  ≥ 50% | 45 |
Nazir_2022 | UK | Single prospective | 45 | 67 | 62 ± 10 | 61 ± 8 | 31 ± 6 |  ≥ 50% | 42 |