Table 2 Outcomes of PA/IVS and LDAVC cohorts
PA/IVS | LDAVC | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5 V (n = 10) | 2 V (n = 5) | 1.5 V (n = 1) | 2 V (n = 14) | |||||||
Success | Failure | p-value | Success | Failure | p-value | Failure | Success | Failure | p-value | |
N | 8 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 2 | |||
CMR parameters | ||||||||||
RV EDV (ml/m2) | 24 (15–40) | 23 (13–34) | 0.29 | 43 (27–55) | 48 | 0.76 | 15 | 48 (22–102) | 28 (22–35) | 0.13 |
RV ESV (ml/m2) | 13 (6–20) | 11 (6–15) | 0.36 | 13 (10–25) | 27 | 0.92 | 7 | 16 (8–64) | 12 (8–16) | 0.17 |
RV stroke volume (ml/m2) | 11 (2–31) | 13 (6–19) | 0.38 | 30 (14–33) | 20 | 0.24 | 8 | 30 (13–55) | 17 (14–19) | 0.07 |
RV ejection fraction (%) | 41 (10–78) | 53 (49–57) | 0.39 | 63 (52–74) | 43 | 0.08 | 56 | 62 (55–66) | 60 (55–66) | 0.05 |
RV mass (g/m2) | 13 (9–21) | 7 (6–9) | 0.04 | 6 (5–14) | 15 | 0.14 | 5 | 17 (7–33) | 10 (8–12) | 0.07 |
LV EDV (ml/m2) | 84 (59–127) | 111 (108–15) | 0.11 | 67 (51–104) | 166 | 0.14 | 94 | 98 (55–251) | 96 (77–115) | 0.37 |
LV ESV (ml/m2) | 35 (21–61) | 52 (45–60) | 0.11 | 26 (16–41) | 88 | 0.14 | 42 | 35 (23–123) | 36 (25–48) | 0.36 |
LV stroke volume (ml/m2) | 49 (36–66) | 59 (47–70) | 0.34 | 45 (27–62) | 78 | 0.92 | 52 | 62 (29–128) | 60 (52–67) | 0.42 |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 59 (52–71) | 53 (44–61) | 0.34 | 62 (53–73) | 47 | 0.92 | 55 | 61 (51–70) | 63 (59–68) | 0.16 |
RV:LV stroke volume ratio | 0.36 (0.08–0.55) | 0.25 (0.09–0.41) | 0.29 | 0.60 (0.47–0.70) | 0.26 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.58 (0.21–0.82) | 0.28 (0.27–0.28) | 0.05 |
TV inflow (L/min/m2) | 0.40 (0.02–0.99) | 0.54 (0.01–1.06) | 0.39 | 1.64 (0.72–1.91) | 1.03 | 0.31 | ||||
MV inflow (L/min/m2) | 2.00 (1.66–4.15) | 2.98 (2.13–3.83) | 0.37 | 4.18 (2.97–5.28) | 6.26 | 0.15 | ||||
TV:MV inflow ratio | 0.18 (0.01–0.23) | 0.14 (0.005–0.28) | 0.35 | 0.44 (0.14–0.51) | 0.12 | 0.14 | ||||
TV AP diameter (cm) | 1.10 (0.44–1.70) | 0.98 | 0.39 | 1.45 (1.18–1.62) | 1.40 | 0.40 | ||||
TV lateral diameter (cm) | 1.15 (0.47–1.80) | 0.80 | 0.38 | |||||||
TR ≥ mild (n) | 4 | 1 | 1.0 | 2 | 1 | 1.0 | ||||
RV LGE present / LGE performed (n) | 1/5 | 1/2 | 0.52 | 1/3 | 1/1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0/9 | 0/1 | |
Follow-up (months) | 40 (18–75) | 35 (26–44) | 57 (1.4–95) | 71 | 76 | 45 (0.5–116) | 1.6 (0.5–2.6) | |||
Subsequent surgery (n) | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
Subsequent catheterization intervention (n) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |||
Death (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Symptomatic (%) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
Saturation at last follow-up (%) | 98 (96–100) | 92 (89–95) | 100 (95–100) | 88 | 88 | 98 (92–100) | 88 (88–89) | |||
RV dysfunction (n) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
ASD flow | ||||||||||
None (n) | 5 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |||
Left-to-right (n) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |||
Bidirectional (n) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
Right-to-left (n) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |||