Figure 2

Quantitative comparison of spectra – Comparison of CE spectra from the four study groups. All values are nanoliters of emulsion present in the valve, as calculated from the ¹⁹F MR signal. Note that the valves treated with targeted particles have ~3× the signal of control valves and ~2× the signal of valves from the competitive inhibition group. Minimal nanoparticle deposition occurs in non-atherosclerotic animals treated with targeted nanoparticles, where no angiogenesis (and hence no binding ligands) are present in the valve.