| No symptoms | Symptoms | (p) | Controls | (p) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 21 | 10 | Â | 12 | Â |
Age | 25 ± 4 | 29 ± 5 | 0/13 | 28.4 ± 11 | 0.24 |
QRS duration (ms) | 98.5 ± 13.9 | 128 ± 30 | 0.0008 |  |  |
Tricuspid regurgitation (mild/severe) | 4/0 | 0/5 | Â | 0/0 | Â |
LV parameters | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
LV EDV (ml/m2) | 53.6 ± 14 | 51.2 ± 13 | 0.7 | 75.4 ± 20 | 0.0008 |
LV ESV (ml/m2) | 21.7 ± 6.9 | 25 ± 7.7 | 0.24 | 26.9 ± 6.5 | 0.12 |
LVEF % | 58.6 ± 12 | 51 ± 12 | 0.07 | 64 ± 4 | 0.025 |
LV mass (g/m2) | 42.5 ± 10.9 | 49.9 ± 13.7 | 0.16 | 62 ± 15.4 | 0.0009 |
LV EDV/LV mass (ml/g) | 1.29 | 1.07 | 0.048 | 1.23 | 0.139 |
RV parameteres | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
RV EDV (ml/m2) | 92.8 ± 20 | 146.7 ± 69 | 0.0007 | 84.9 ± 21 | 0.0007 |
RV EXV (ml/m2)) | 43.3 ± 11.2 | 97.7 ± 62 | <0.0001 | 36.3 ± 7.9 | <0.0001 |
RVEF % | 53.5 ± 6 | 37.8 ± 12.5 | <0.0001 | 56.8 ± 4.5 | <0,0001 |
RV mass (g/m2) | 60.2 ± 15.7 | 83.8 ± 27.9 | 0.003 | 45.7 ± 9.2 | 0<0.0001 |
RV EDV/RV mass (ml/g) | 1.59 | 1.71 | 0.4 | 1.85 | 0.136 |
Ventricular interdependence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
RV mass/LV mass | 1.43 | 1.66 | 0.0005 | 0.75 | <0.0001 |
RV EDV/LV EDV | 1.77 | 2.94 | 0.0001 | 1.13 | <0.0001 |
IV septal mass (g/m2) | 18.9 ± 5 | 23.3 ± 6 | 0.0397 | 22.6 ± 5 | 0.059 |
RV hight Distensibility (%) | 23.5 ± 8.9 | 19.5 ± 8.8 | 0.2 | 16.2 ± 6 | 0.05 |
RV width Distensibility (%) | 19.7 ± 10.3 | 11.6 ± 12 | 0.05 | 27 ± 12.5 | 0.01 |
LV height Distensibility (%) | 19 ± 9.8 | 15.8 ± 6.3 | 0.3 | 37.4 ± 6.3 | <0.0001 |
LV width Distensibility (%) | 28 ± 16 | 21.4 ± 16 | 0.2 | 31.6 ± 6.5 | 0.24 |
LV sphericity index diastole | 2.27 | 2.78 | 0.01 | 1.27 | <0.0001 |
LV sphericity index systole | 2.6 | 2.99 | 0.05 | 1.17 | <0.0001 |
Change LV sphericity (%) | -16 ± 21 | -11 ± 22 | 0.5 | 7.7 ± 13 | 0.0069 |
RV sphericity index diastole | 1/75 | 1.54 | 0.1 | 2.12 | 0.0006 |
RV sphericity index systole | 1.66 | 1.40 | 0.03 | 2.45 | <0.0001 |
Change RV sphericity (%) | 3 ± 16 | 8 ± 12 | 0.4 | -17 ± 14 | 0.0004 |
Septal movement direction | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Toward RV | 2 | 0 | Â | 7 | <0.0001 |
Flat | 0 | 0 | Â | 5 | Â |
Toward LV holosystolic | 6 | 7 | Â | 0 | Â |
Toward LV protosystolic | 13 | 3 | Â | 0 | Â |
Delayed enhancement (LGE) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Absent | 12 | 2 | Â | 0 | <0.0001 |
Present: focal | 7 | 1 | Â | 0 | Â |
Present: diffuse | 2 | 7 | Â | 0 | Â |