Figure 5

Spatial distribution of endocardial wall motion in heart failure. The color-encoded regional delay of radial inward motion is mapped onto a bull's eye map and three dimensional surfaces of the left ventricular model, pictured from above (middle figure) and below (bottom figure). Timing of radial inward motion is expressed as a phase delay ranging from zero to 180°. A phase delay of zero represents early ventricular motion concordant with initial electrical ventricular activation and is colour coded blue, while a phase delay of 180° denotes diastolic inward motion and is colour coded red. The posterolateral scar, shown in grey-black and imaged originally using late gadolinium-enhancement, is superimposed on the endocardial wall motion map. In the figure, the left ventricular septum is activated early in systole and the inferior wall close to the postero-lateral scar shows abnormal diastolic radial inward motion. Note the patchy distribution of wall motion throughout the left ventricle