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Table 1 Parameters used for protocol testing.

From: Sequence optimization to reduce velocity offsets in cardiovascular magnetic resonance volume flow quantification - A multi-vendor study

Parameter

GE Signa Excite

Philips Achieva

Siemens Avanto

Reduction by regular protocol variation

Gradient speed

on/off (flow opt.)

default/regular

normal/whisper

Partial Echo

min (75%)/min full

on (75%)/off

asymmetry strong (77%)/off

Bandwidth (Hz/pix)

200, 250, 300, 350, 400

Venc (cm/s)

120, 150, 180, 200, 300

Slice Thickness (mm)

6, 7, 8, 9, 10

Exploratory measurements beyond the protocol

Delay Td (ms)

-

0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0

Velocity encoding

-

symmetric/asymmetric

Slew rate (%) & amplitude (%)

-

-

20, 40, 60, 80, 100

  1. Protocol parameters used for protocol testing listed per scanner type. In bold the basic protocol setting.