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Table 1 Phosphocreatine and Pi MRS signals

From: Effect of ischemic preconditioning in skeletal muscle measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy: a randomized crossover trial

Phosphocreatine (% of baseline)

Ischemia and exercise

Post-ischemic stenosis

Post-ischemic stenosis and 4 h IPC

Post-ischemic stenosis and 48 h IPC

Number of subjects

(n = 7)

(n = 8)

(n = 8)

(n = 8)

Ischemia

79 ± 3*

76 ± 8*

79 ± 5

76 ± 3*

Ischemic exercise

44 ± 13*

40 ± 11*

49 ± 17*

39 ± 12*

Post-ischemic stenosis

-

46 ± 15*

55 ± 16*

45 ± 17*

Reperfusion

106 ± 5

104 ± 10

121 ± 20†

109 ± 9

End

105 ± 3

103 ± 9

117 ± 20

108 ± 13

PCr recovery time-constant (s)

46 ± 20

49 ± 17

43 ± 15

47 ± 17

Inorganic phosphate (% of baseline)

Ischemia and exercise

Post-ischemic stenosis

Post-ischemic stenosis and 4 h IPC

Post-ischemic stenosis and 48 h IPC

Number of subjects

(n = 7)

(n = 8)

(n = 8)

(n = 8)

Ischemia

334 ± 44*

305 ± 62*

321 ± 89*

310 ± 48

Ischemic exercise

731 ± 183*

657 ± 203*

681 ± 193*

654 ± 281*

Post-ischemic stenosis

-

558 ± 229*

578 ± 165*

532 ± 260*

Reperfusion

51 ± 21

37 ± 15

58 ± 24

55 ± 26

End

110 ± 11

90 ± 84

116 ± 34

92 ± 25

  1. Mechanical preconditioning (IPC) was applied 4 h or 48 h before ischemia.
  2. Data represent the means ± SD. The baseline is defined as the NMR signal prior to ischemia. IPC: ischemic preconditioning, * p < 0.05 versus baseline, † p = 0.05 vs. day of post-ischemic stenosis