Table 1 Major risk factors for the assessment of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy* (adapted from [7])
From: The diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Major risk factors | Possible risk factors in individual patients |
|---|---|
Cardiac arrest/ventricular fibrillation or spontaneously occurring and sustained VT | Atrial fibrillation |
Family history of premature HCM-related sudden death | Left ventricular outflow obstruction |
Left ventricular thickness equal to or greater than 30 mm, especially in adolescents and young adults | Intense physical exertion |
Abnormal upright exercise blood pressure response that is attenuated or hypertensive (of greater predictive value in patients less than 50 yrs old or if hypotensive) | High risk gene mutation |
Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia by Holter examination | Â |
Unexplained syncope, especially in young patients or when recurrent or exertional | Â |