Systemic-to-pulmonary collateral flow in patients with palliated univentricular heart physiology: measurement using cardiovascular magnetic resonance 4D velocity acquisition

Table 1 Summary of the patients’ demographic data, primary diagnosis and type of palliated surgery

	BCPC	Fontan	*p value*
Age at CMR (years)	2.9 ± 1.3	14.4 ± 5.9	0.01*
Weight (kg)	12.5 ± 3.1	46.2 ± 22	0.01*
BSA (m²)	0.5 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.4	0.01*
Females (%)	8 (57 %)	4 (27 %)	>0.05
Age at BCPC (years)	0.6 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.8	0.01*
Time between BCPC – CMR (years)	2.3 ± 1.3	11.4 ± 3.1	0.01*
Age at Fontan (years)	-	5.7 ± 6.5	-
Time between BCPC-Fontan (years)	-	2.9 ± 1.3	-
Time between Fontan – CMR (years)	-	8.6 ± 4.1	-
Primary cardiac diagnosis
Double inlet left ventricle	1	4	n/a
Tricuspid atresia	1	3	n/a
PA – IVS	2	-	n/a
HLHS	10	5	n/a
Unbalanced AVSD	1	2	n/a
Straddling AV valve	-	1	n/a
Staged palliated surgery
Hemi-Fontan	11	-	n/a
BCPC	3	-	n/a
Classic Fontan (Atriopulmonary connection)	-	4	n/a
Intracardiac Lateral tunnel	-	2	n/a
Extracardiac Conduit	-	9	n/a

AV, atrioventricular valve; AVSD, atrioventricular septal defect; BCPC, bidirectional cavopulmonary connection; BSA, body surface area; CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; HLHS, hypoplastic left heart syndrome; PA - IVS, pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum; TCPC, total cavopulmonary connection; n/a, not applicable; *, p < 0.05.

ISSN: 1532-429X