Author (Reference #) | Year published | Design | Comparison Groups | N | Role of CMR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Giant Cell Arteritis | |||||
Kornigkam-Santos [21] | 2011 | Retrospective | MRA in patients vs. retrospective normal controls | 28 | MRA detected GCA in 67% with good inter-observer agreement |
Bley [25] | 2005 | Prospective | MRA vs. Biopsy | 20 | 16/17 GCA + by biopsy were MRA +, all 3 GCA – were MRA - |
Bley [26] | 2005 | Unclear | MRA in diagnosed GCA patients | 21 | MRA demonstrated vascular involvement in all previously diagnosed 9 patients |
Walter [27] | 2005 | Unclear | PET in GCA | 30 patients and 31 controls | PET had a sensitivity of 73.3% and specificity of 83.9% |
Meller [28] | 2005 | Unclear | PET vs. MRA | 15 FUO patients | MRA and PET had comparable sensitivity and specificity for detecting inflammation. Identical vascular territories were identified in the majority but disparate territories in a large minority |
Cyran [29] | 2011 | Prospective | PET vs. MRI | 17 | Both Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI and PET had identical sensitivity and specificity (86 and 90% respectively) in assessing carotid and vertebral inflammation |
Both [31] | 2008 | Prospective | PET vs. MRI | 25 | MRI and PET found unreliable for assessing large-vessel inflammation in GCA patients on pre-existing immunosuppressive therapy |
Takayasu’s Arteritis | |||||
Li [37] | 2011 | Retrospective | Whole body MRI | 42 | Wall thickness and post-contrast intensity by MRI higher in active group than remissive group (6.12 vs. 4.31 mm and 1.56 vs. 1.17) |
Desai [38] | 2005 | Retrospective case series | MRA-inversion recovery prepared gradient-echo MR pulse sequence | 7 | All patients had increased wall thickness and 5 had enhancement with contrast (4 had clinically active disease) |
Choe [39] | 2000 | Prospective | MRI | 26 patients and 16 controls | MR imaging was concordant with clinical findings in 23 patients (88.5%), with laboratory findings in most patients (ESR in 92.3% [24/26] and CRP in 84.6% [22/26]) |
Jiang [40] | 2012 | Prospective | MRA | 26 patients-16 classified as active and 10 as inactive | Active group had more stenosis in left SCA than the inactive group (14/16, 87.5% vs. 2/10, 20%; p<0.01) greater vessel wall thickness in left CCA (11/16, 68.75% vs. 1/10, 10%; p<0.01) and left SCA (9/16, 56.25% vs. 0/10, 0%; p<0.01) |
Tso [41] | 2002 | Retrospective | MRA | 24 | MRA revealed vessel wall edema in 94% (17 of 18), 81% (13 of 16), and 56% (24 of 43) of studies during periods of unequivocally active disease, uncertain disease activity, and apparent clinical remission, respectively. ESR and CRP did not correlate with clinical assessment or MR evidence of vascular edema |
Yamada [34] | 2000 | Prospective | MRA vs. CA | 30 | Takayasu arteritis was diagnosed in 20 patients - MRA accurately revealed 323 (98%) of 330 arteries, but 7 (2%) stenotic lesions were overestimated as occluded. The sensitivity and specificity of MRA for diagnosis of Takayasu arteritis were 100%. PA lesions were demonstrated in 10 (50%) of the 20 patients. |
Garg [35] | 2011 | Prospective | MRA vs. DSA | 22 | Diagnosis confirmed by MRA in all patients. MRA with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and DA for detection of a >50% lesion was 98.33%, 97.25%, 92.18%, 99.43% and 97.52% respectively. |
Kawasaki Disease | |||||
Greil [54] | 2007 | Prospective | MRA vs. CA | 6 | Complete agreement between MRA and CA in detection of coronary aneurysms (n=15).Excellent agreement for aneurysm diameter, length, and distance from the ostium. |
Tacke [55] | 2011 | Prospective | MRA vs. Echocardiography | 63 | MRA detected coronary aneurysms in 15 patients, whereas echo detected aneurysms in 11. |
Greil [56] | 2002 | Prospective | MRA vs. CA | 6 | Excellent agreement for assessment of coronary aneurysm maximal diameter and length |
Mavrogeni [57] | 2004 | Prospective | MRA vs. CA | 13 | 6 patients had coronary aneurysms and 7 had ectasia. MRA and CA agreed completely for the diagnosis of aneurysms |
Suzuki [58] | 2006 | Retrospective | MRA vs. CA | 106 | MRA agreed well with CA for detecting aneurysms and stenoses |
Arnold [59] | 2007 | Prospective | MRA vs. Multidetector CT vs. CA | 16 | 100% agreement between MDCT and CA in the detection of aneurysms and stenoses. MRI and CA had 93% agreement for the detection of aneurysms. MRI missed one stenosis. |
Mavrogeni [61] | 2011 | Unclear | MRA in Kawasaki disease patients in convalescence | 13 | MRA revealed high prevalence of coronary ectasia and myocarditis in 46% (n=13) of convalescing Kawasaki disease patients |