Figure 1

DTI measured |β| from base to apex in diastole (A) and systole (B). Normal calcium concentration perfused mdx heart (mdx-NC) exhibit lower |β| than all other three groups at mid-upper ventricle. Surprisingly, while mdx hearts were perfused with low calcium concentration (mdx-LC), the |β| was restored to normal level. *, p =0.04; **, p=0.001; †, p = 0.003; ++, p < 0.02. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. N = 5 for each group.