In-vivo T2 mapping of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries

Table 1 T2 measurements [ms] of arterial wall and plaque tissues

Field strength	Study	Number of TEs	Number of plaques	Location	LRNC [ms]	Fibrous tissue [ms]	Normal media [ms]	References
1.5 T	ex-vivo	10	8	various	55 ± 3	79 ± 4	81 ± 3	Toussaint et al. (1995)
4.7 T					50 ± 3	63 ± 1	65 ± 2
9.4 T		20			20 ± 3	30 ± 2	30 ± 3
1.5 T	in-vivo	2	7	carotid	28 ± 6	51 ± 10	48 ± 7	Toussaint et al. (1996)
	ex-vivo				31 ± 5	51 ± 9	52 ± 7
3 T	ex-vivo	7	14	aorta/iliac	54 ± 3	89 ± 6	76 ± 9	Raynaud et al. (1998)
9.4 T	ex-vivo	7	3	carotid	35 - 49	48 - 60	72 - 76	Morrisett et al. (2003)
4.7 T	ex-vivo	4	7	coronary	31 ± 7	55 ± 11	50 ± 10	Sun et al. (2008)
3 T	in-vivo	7	23	carotid	36 ± 5	55 ± 9		this study

Toussaint et al. (1995). T2-weighted contrast for NMR characterization of human atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 15(10)1533-1542. Toussaint et al. (1996). Magnetic Resonance Images Lipid, Fibrous, Calcified, Hemorrhagic, and Thrombotic Components of Human Atherosclerosis In Vivo. Circulation, 94(5)932-938. Raynaud et al. (1998). Characterization of atherosclerotic plaque components by high resolution quantitative MR and US imaging. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 8(3)622-629. Morrisett et al. (2003). Discrimination of components in atherosclerotic plaques from human carotid endarterectomy specimens by magnetic resonance imaging ex vivo. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 21(5)465-474. Sun et al. (2008). Automatic plaque characterization employing quantitative and multicontrast MRI. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 59(1)174-180.

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