Figure 2

Velocity streamline representation of flow and flow jet profiles. A. Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with aortic coarctation. Note the presence of a high velocity flow jet at the site of coarctation and right-handed helical flow in the descending aorta. B. BAV without aortic coarctation. Note lower velocity throughout the arch and descending aorta with nearly laminar flow in the descending aorta. There are right-handed helix formations in the ascending aorta in both cases. C. Flow jet profiles along the aorta in BAV with and without aortic coarctation. There is eccentricity focused posterolaterally in the ascending aorta in both cohorts. There is dramatically increased eccentricity focused posterolaterally in the coarctation cohort. (Quandrants: Left Anterior - LA, Right Anterior - RA, Left Posterior - LP, Right Posterior - RP, Anterior-Cranial - ACr, Posterior-Cranial - PCr, Anterior-Caudal - ACa, Posterior-Caudal - PCa)