Figure 1

Real-time flow imaging in AF in a patient in sinus rhythm (A) and a subject with arrhythmia (B) and corresponding real-time flow curves at the mid-atrial short axis level over multiple heart beats (frame rate=50ms). C: Beat-to-beat variability of mean LA flow and peak mean LA velocity for all 7 patients included in the study. D: Quantification of mean and beat-to-beat variability of LA flow parameters.