Figure 1

Left Representative series of MR spectra acquired from the heart of a diabetic rat, following infusion of hyperpolarized [1-¹³C]pyruvate, and the corresponding quantification (middle and right). The input bolus of pyruvate is evident, as are its enzymatic conversions to other metabolites and the decay of the hyperpolarized signal. Data are expressed as ratios of each observed metabolite to the total observed ¹³C metabolicm, which did not change with diabetes or liraglutide treatment. Hyperpolarised ¹³C MRS data were obtained from the kidneys during the same [1-¹³C]pyruvate infusion, with spectra acquired in between cardiac spectra (a 1 s offset).