Figure 1
From: Non-contrast cardiac MRI for tissue characterization in patients with end stage renal disease
Tissue characterization with MT-weighted bSSFP. (A) End diastolic anatomical reference and (B) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) image from a patient with chronic myocardial infarction reveal an area of fibrotic scar tissue (red arrow). (C) The corresponding map of ΔS/So acquired using MT-weighted CMR demonstrates elevated ΔS/So in the area identified as enhanced at LGE (images reprinted from prior validation study [1,2]). (D) Map of ΔS/So for a healthy control revealts low values throughout the left ventrical. (E) In contrast, a maps of ΔS/So in an ESRD patient reveals diffusely elevated values throughout the left ventricle, with several focal areas demonstrating values consistent with tissues that would enhance at LGE. (F) Representative cumulative distribution frequency plots of ΔS/So values for participants in D (orange) and E (red). For each participant a simulated healthy standard distribution (black) was used to adjust for differences in heart size. A one-sided Komogorov-Smirnov test revealed a significant (p < 0.001) rightward shift in the ESRD patient (negative differential statistic = 14%) compared to no observable difference in the control subject (2%, N.S. vs healthy standard).