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Figure 2 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Figure 2

From: The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in stratifying paravalvular leak severity after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: an observational outcome study

Figure 2

Measurement of paravalvular leak (PVL) regurgitant fraction (RF) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). The positioning of the scan plane is demonstrated for the balloon-expandable prosthesis in the aortic root 2-3 mm above the valve stent frame (A). The regions of interest are traced on the magnitude images (anatomical scan; B) and the phase images (flow scan; C). The regions of interest include the entire intra-luminal, cross sectional area of flow just above the transcatheter valve. The flow through the region of interest is calculated throughout the cardiac cycle (D), with the area under the curve (above baseline) representing forward flow volume and the area above the curve (below baseline) representing reverse flow volume. The aortic regurgitant fraction was calculated by dividing the reverse flow volume by the forward flow volume (mild ≤ 20%, moderate 21-39%, severe ≥40%).

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