Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Variable

(n = 40)

Yes (n = 10)

No (n = 30)

p Value

Age (years)

13.7 ± 3.3

14.0 ± 2.1

13.6 ± 3.6

0.753

Male, n (%)

29 (73)

9 (90)

20 (67)

0.233

Family history of LVNC, n (%)

3 (8)

1 (10)

2 (7)

1.000

Symptoms

Dyspnoea, n (%)

21 (53)

9 (90)

12 (40)

0.004

Chest pain, n (%)

2 (5)

0

2 (7)

1.000

Syncope/pre-syncope, n (%)

7 (18)

1 (10)

6 (20)

0.651

Thrombo-embolic events, n (%)

0

0

0

NYHA functional class

2.4 ± 1.0

3.0 ± 0.9

2.1 ± 0.9

0.016

I, n (%)

10 (25)

1 (9)

9 (30)

II, n (%)

11 (28)

1 (9)

10 (33)

III, n (%)

14 (35)

5 (55)

9 (30)

IV, n (%)

5 (12)

3 (27)

2 (7)

Abnormal ECG, n (%)

36 (90)

10 (100)

26 (87)

0.559

VT/VF, n (%)

7 (18)

3 (30)

4 (13)

0.361

Medications

β-Blockers, n (%)

29 (73)

8 (80)

21 (70)

0.694

ACEI/ARB, n (%)

29 (73)

10 (100)

19 (63)

0.020

Aldosterone antagonists, n (%)

27 (68)

10 (100)

17 (57)

0.008

Loop diuretics, n (%)

22 (55)

9 (90)

13 (43)

0.011

Amiodarone, n (%)

2 (5)

2 (20)

0

0.067