Table 1 Demographic and imaging characteristics of G + LVH- compared to controls

Male gender, n (%)

12 (33)

12 (33)

>0.99

Age, years

31.3 ± 13.8

33.4 ± 12.2

0.053

Ethnicity*

A = 35

A = 35

>0.99

D = 1

D = 1

0.60

Body surface area, m²

1.8 ± 0.2

1.8 ± 0.2

0.60

Septal wall thickness, mm

8.9 ± 1.9

8.4 ± 1.2

0.13

Posterior wall thickness, mm

6.4 ± 1.4

6.4 ± 1.4

0.86

Septal/posterior wall thickness ratio

1.41 ± 0.31

1.36 ± 0.31

0.59

LV mass index, g/m²

57.8 ± 11.7

59.1 ± 12.8

0.65

Relative wall thickness

0.31 ± 0.05

0.29 ± 0.04

0.039

LV end-diastolic volume index, mL/m²

73.2 ± 9.8

74.4 ± 11.2

0.60

LV end-systolic volume index, mL/m²

21.4 ± 4.4

23.7 ± 5.8

0.048

LV ejection fraction, %

70.8 ± 4.3

68.3 ± 4.4

0.022

LV long axis end-diastolic diameter, mm

92.2 ± 7.6

92.7 ± 6.3

0.63

LV transversal end-diastolic diameter, mm

47.3 ± 3.7

48.8 ± 3.9

0.10

LV end-diastolic sphericity index

0.52 ± 0.05

0.54 ± 0.05

0.21

LV end-diastolic eccentricity index

0.90 ± 0.06

0.90 ± 0.06

0.62

LV end-systolic eccentricity index

0.88 ± 0.06

0.89 ± 0.07

0.55

LV-mitral angle,°

83.2 ± 5.7

83.6 ± 3.5

0.54

Mitral papillary muscles angle,°

112.4 ± 20.0

109.3 ± 15.6

0.44

LV-aortic root angle,°

137.9 ± 7.7

137.1 ± 7.2

0.84

LV outflow tract-basal septum angle,°

141.9 ± 14.9

142.5 ± 14.7

0.82

Septal convexity (A4C) into LV (SCx), mm

5.0 ± 2.5

1.6 ± 2.4

<0.0001

Septal convexity Sax1 at PM level

10.7 ± 3.7

12.0 ± 3.1

0.11

Septal convexity Sax2 at PM level

10.1 ± 3.4

11.5 ± 3.5

0.098

Septal convexity Sax3 at PM level

8.9 ± 3.3

9.8 ± 3.9

0.37

Myocardial crypts (≥1), n (%)

11 (30 %)

3 (8 %)

0.017

LVOT end-diastolic diameter, mm

21.8 ± 2.4

21.6 ± 1.9

0.73

LVOT end-systolic diameter, mm

18.2 ± 2.2

18.8 ± 2.0

0.21

Anterior mitral valve leaflet length, mm

23.5 ± 3.0

19.9 ± 3.1

<0.0001

Mitral valve annulus diameter, mm

29.4 ± 3.9

30.7 ± 3.2

0.18

Left atrial area index, cm²/m²

10.9 ± 1.5

10.7 ± 1.4

0.73