Table 2 Mechanical variables in patients with or without MWF

 LVEDV, mL

222 ± 80

277 ± 79

0.002

 LVESV, mL

166 ± 79

214 ± 83

0.007

 LV mass, g

137.6 ± 46.6

155.5 ± 71.1

0.052

 LVEF, %

27.5 ± 10.8

24.3 ± 12.9

0.20

 Ɛcc (%)

−9.4 ± 4.76

−6.6 (2.57

0.004

 SSR_cc (s⁻¹)

−0.56 ± 0.25

−0.38 (0.12

0.005

 Ɛ_rr (%)

17.8 ± 11.0

14.6 ± 10.1

0.18

 SSR_rr (s⁻¹)

0.84 ± 0.37

0.74 ± 0.40

0.31

 Ɛ_ll (%)

−9.4 ± 4.35

−7.6 ± 3.34

0.053

 SSR_ll (s⁻¹)

0.56 ± 0.20

−0.49 ± 0.18

0.13

 DSR_cc (s⁻¹)

0.46 ± 0.19

0.34 ± 0.11

0.010

 DSR_rr (s⁻¹)

−0.75 ± 0.35

−0.55 ± 0.44

0.038

 DSR_ll (s⁻¹)

0.50 ± 0.20

0.38 ± 0.14

0.006

 Basal systolic rotation (°)

  Net Clockwise

3.40 ± 3.00

3.00 ± 2.23

0.513

  Magnitude

4.63 ± 2.64

3.67 ± 1.97

0.082

 Basal rotation rate (° s⁻¹)

31.3 ± 14.5

22.1 ± 8.2

0.002

 Apical systolic rotation (°)

  Net anti-clockwise

−3.50 ± 3.28

−1.99 ± 1.97

0.024

  Magnitude

5.18 ± 3.15

3.52 ± 2.45

0.013

 Apical rotation rate (° s⁻¹)

−38.9 ± 21.8

−26.1 ± 15.8

0.005

 Average basal/apical rotation (°)

9.81 ± 4.48

7.20 ± 3.44

0.002

 LV twist (°)

6.31 ± 3.30

4.65 ± 2.18

0.004

 LV twist per unit length (°/cm)

1.34 ± 0.76

0.94 ± 0.55

0.005

 Torsional shear angle

0.83 ± 0.06

0.52 ± 0.07

0.008

 LV twist rate (° s⁻¹)

48.4 ± 23.1

36.1 ± 17.1

0.01

 Torsional pattern

<0.001

  Normal torsion, n (%)

39 ± 46

10 ± 32

  Rigid body rotation, n (%)

23 ± 28

21 ± 64

  Reverse torsion, n (%)

22 ± 26

1 ± 4

 Basal rotation rate (° s⁻¹)

−34.1 ± 14.8

−28.0 ± 11.8

0.053

 Apical rotation rate (° s⁻¹)

38.3 ± 20.1

24.9 ± 13.1

0.001

 LV untwist rate (° s⁻¹)

44.5 ± 21.0

30.5 ± 14.9

<0.001