Fig. 4

Representative maximum intensity projection images (30 mm thickness) of four carotid bifurcations obtained with hASL, TOF and CEMRA. a Luminal irregularity in the proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) of a 78-year-old male is well depicted by hASL (arrow), obscured by TOF (dashed arrow), and corroborated by CEMRA. b Moderate stenosis of the contralateral ICA in the same patient (arrows). Note the agreement between hASL and CEMRA in terms of arterial morphology and severity of disease; saturation of the carotid bulb, however, is evident with TOF (dashed arrow). Carotid bifurcations in (c) an 84-year-old female and (d) a 55-year-old male. Signal saturation effects observed with TOF (dashed arrows) are not observed with hASL. There is excellent correspondence of arterial morphology between hASL and CEMRA