Increased left ventricular myocardial extracellular volume is associated with longer cardiopulmonary bypass times, biventricular enlargement and reduced exercise tolerance in children after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot

Table 1 Characteristics of patient and controls and surgical information of patients

	Patients (n = 31)	Controls (n = 15)	p
Age at CMR [years]	13.9 ± 2.4	13.4 ± 2.6	0.54
Gender [male; n (%)]	19 (61 %)	7 (44 %)	0.53
BSA [m²]	1.47 ± 0.27	1.55 ± 0.30	0.41
Heart rate [bpm]	73 ± 11	76 ± 11	0.31
Hematocrit	0.44 ± 0.04	0.42 ± 0.04	0.16
QRS-duration [ms]^a	123 ± 24	87 ± 8	<0.001
Surgical information
Patient age at repair [months]	6.3 (3.0–10.7)	n.a.	n.a.
Time since repair at CMR [years]	13.2 ± 2.2	n.a.	n.a.
TOF type [n (%)]		n.a.	n.a.
TOF TOF with pulmonary atresia	25 (81 %) 6 (19 %)
Type of repair [n (%)]^b		n.a.	n.a.
Transannular patch Valve sparing procedure or valved conduit	13 (43 %) 17 (57 %)
Bypass time [minutes]^c	136 ± 48	n.a.	n.a.
Cross clamp time [minutes]^c	67 ± 19	n.a.	n.a.

Data are given as mean ± standard deviation, median (and interquartile range), or frequencies, as appropriate
Abbreviations: BSA body surface area, CMR cardiovascular magnetic resonance, n.a. not applicable, TOF Tetralogy of Fallot
^aQRS-duration from ECG was available in 26 patients and 11 controls
^bType of repair unknown in one patient. One patient had a palliation prior to corrective surgery
^cCardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp times from 23 patients

ISSN: 1532-429X