Objective criteria for septal fibrosis in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: validation for the prediction of future cardiovascular events

Table 3 Univariable and multivariable associations of CMR characteristics with primary composite outcome

Characteristics	Univariable				Model 1^a				Model 2^b				Model 3^c
Characteristics	HR	95 % CI	χ ²	P value	HR	95 % CI	χ ²	P value	HR	95 % CI	χ ²	P value	HR	95 % CI	χ ²	P value
CMR – non LGE variables
LVEDVI (per 1 ml/m²)	1.01	1.00–1.02	3.77	0.05
LVESVI (per 1 ml/m²)	1.01	1.00–1.02	6.14	0.02*
LVEF (per 1 %)	0.93	0.89–0.98	9.86	0.003*	NA	NA	NA	NS	0.95	0.91–0.996	25.40	0.04*	NA	NA	NA	NS
LV mass index (per 1 g/m²)	1.00	0.99–1.02	0.03	0.87
CMR – LGE variables
Visual – Any LGE	4.49	1.48–13.65	8.33	0.008*
Visual – septal LGE	4.41	1.75–11.11	11.72	0.002*
Visual – RVI LGE	2.61	1.08–6.32	4.90	0.033*
Visual – septal or RVI LGE	5.34	1.91–14.93	12.53	0.001*	5.34	1.91–14.93	12.53	0.001*
Quantitative-total LGE (per 1 %) 5SD	1.03	0.99–1.06	2.03	0.17
Quantitative-total LGE (per 1 %) 3SD	1.02	1.00–1.04	4.42	0.04*
Quantitative-total LGE (per 1 %) 2SD	1.02	1.00–1.05	5.65	0.02*
Quantitative-septal LGE (per 1 %) 5SD	1.21	1.1–1.31	23.60	<0.001*					1.17	1.07–1.28	25.40	0.001*
Quantitative-septal LGE (per 1 %) 3SD	1.12	1.07–1.18	22.22	<0.001*
Quantitative-septal LGE (per 1 %) 2SD	1.11	1.06–1.17	20.47	<0.001*
% Septal LGE 5SD >2.74 %	8.65	3.06–24.51	23.12	<0.001*									8.65	3.06–24.51	23.12	<0.001*
% Septal LGE 3SD >6.63 %	5.68	2.11–15.28	14.81	0.001*
% Septal LGE 2SD >10.15 %	6.09	2.12–17.50	14.24	0.001*

Abbreviations: LV Left ventricular, EDVI End diastolic volume indexed to body surface area, ESVI End systolic volume indexed to body surface area, EF Ejection fraction, LGE Late Gadolinium Enhancement, RVI Right ventricular insertion site. LGE was quantified by signal threshold versus reference mean (STRM) technique using signal intensity threshold of 5SD, 3SD and 2SD of the remote myocardium. *p < 0.05
^aModel 1 represents multivariable Cox regression model with LVEF, and qualitative septal or RVI LGE (present or absent)
^bModel 2 represents multivariable Cox regression model with LVEF, and quantitative septal LGE 5SD
^cModel 3 represents multivariable Cox regression model with LVEF, and quantitative septal LGE 5SD cut off >2.74 %

ISSN: 1532-429X