Fig. 5

Multi-parametric tissue characterisation at mid-slice in diseases involving myocardium. On ECV-maps, red areas represent ECV greater than 30%. T1-mapping was done using a modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery (MOLLI) pulse sequence on 1.5 Tesla Ingenia, Philips, Best, The Netherlands. a Biopsy proven cardiac amyloidosis. T1 maps show diffuse rise in native-T1 values (a1). On LGE-imaging, there is low contrast-noise ratio (CNR) between the blood pool and the myocardium (a2). ECV-maps demonstrate diffuse rise in extra-cellular space in the whole myocardium. b Established rheumatoid arthritis demonstrating some rise in native T1 (b1) and ECV (b3) with normal signal distribution on LGE-imaging (b2). c Established Systemic Sclerosis demonstrating rise in native T1 values predominantly in the septum (c1) and more widespread increase in ECV (c3). There is no evidence of any scar or fibrosis on LGE-imaging. d Bio-chemical diagnosis of Fabry’s disease: Native T1 (e1) demonstrates pseudo-normalization due to the effects of replacement fibrosis exceeding the fatty-related T1 decrease. LGE (e2) demonstrates fibrosis of the lateral wall in consistence with the ECV map (e3). Abbreviations: ECV, extra-cellular volume; LGE, Late Gadolinium Enhancement