Table 1 Baseline characteristics and ventricular measurements
From: Assessing exercise cardiac reserve using real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Parameters at baseline | Healthy volunteers (n = 16) | Athletes (n = 11) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical variables | |||
Age, years | 26 [25–33] | 29 [28–39] | 0.121 |
Males, n (%) | 7 (44) | 5 (45) | 0.93 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 117 [107–123] | 119 [107–127] | 0.815 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 67 [59–75] | 68 [66–74] | 0.446 |
Heart rate, beats per minute | 68 [59–74] | 54 [48–61] | 0.026 |
Body surface area, m2 | 1.64 [1.51–1.96] | 1.64 [1.50–1.97] | 0.394 |
Cardiovascular variables | |||
LV mass, g | 76 [65–97] | 100 [93–122] | 0.008 |
LV end-diastolic volume, mL | 141 [115–169] | 169 [145–188] | 0.121 |
LV end-systolic volume, mL | 54 [43–79] | 79 [62–83] | 0.05 |
LV stroke volume, mL | 88 [74–104] | 101 [80–104] | 0.422 |
Cardiac output, L/min | 5.8 [4.5–6.3] | 5.6 [4.0–6.6] | 0.610 |
RV end-diastolic volume, mL | 150 [121–197] | 189 [154–208] | 0.178 |
RV end-systolic volume, mL | 69 [45–99] | 90 [74–100] | 0.231 |
Indexed LV mass, g/m2 | 47 [40–53] | 66 [6–74] | <0.001 |
Indexed LV end-diastolic volume, mL/m2 | 82 [75–94] | 102 [96–110] | <0.001 |
Indexed LV end-systolic volume, mL/m2 | 33 [28–40] | 48 [43–49] | 0.001 |
Indexed LV stroke volume, mL/m2 | 52 [48–54] | 56 [54–63] | 0.003 |
Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 3.3 [2.8–3.9] | 3.4 [2.6–4.1] | 0.865 |
Indexed RV end-diastolic volume, mL/m2 | 91 [81–107] | 112 [106–122] | 0.002 |
Indexed RV end-systolic volume, mL/m2 | 40 [30–53] | 56 [45–59] | 0.023 |