Table 2 Peak exercise comparison between healthy volunteers and athletes
From: Assessing exercise cardiac reserve using real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Parameters at peak exercise | Healthy volunteers (n = 16) | Athletes (n = 11) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical variables | |||
Heart rate, bpm | 156 [150–165] | 145 [135–158] | 0.071 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 128 [103–192] | 150 [120–165] | 0.640 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 90 [59–134] | 68 [40–109] | 0.379 |
Maximum exercise power, W | 125 [107–150] | 200 [175–225] | 0.011 |
Cardiovascular variables | |||
LV end-diastolic volume, mL | 135 [104–152] | 171 [150-208] | 0.005 |
LV end-systolic volume, mL | 32 [26–47] | 42 [36–46] | 0.178 |
LV stroke volume, mL | 96 [73–121] | 129 [115–158] | 0.003 |
Cardiac output, L/min | 15 [12–19] | 20 [16–23] | 0.023 |
Indexed LV end-diastolic volume, ml/m2 | 75 [67–90] | 112 [96–122] | <0.001 |
Indexed LV end-systolic volume, ml/m2 | 20 [16–24] | 26 [22–28] | 0.044 |
Indexed stroke volume, ml/m2 | 57 [47–69] | 85 [75–94] | <0.001 |
Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 8.9 [7.5–10.1] | 12.2 [10.2–13.5] | <0.001 |