Table 2 Baseline hemodynamic, echocardiographic and CMR characteristics in the different subgroups

Hemodynamic data

 Heart rate, bpm

68 ± 10

69 ± 14

76 ± 16

0.17

 Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

133 ± 17

141 ± 22^*

139 ± 21

0.70

 Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

74 ± 11

76 ± 11

75 ± 12

0.88

CMR findings

 Indexed LV EDV, mL/m²

81 ± 18

73 ± 18^*

67 ± 14^*,†

<0.01

 Indexed LV ESV, mL/m²

28 ± 10

26 ± 12

25 ± 8

0.14

 Indexed SV, mL/m²

54 ± 10

49 ± 9

43 ± 10

<0.01

 LV ejection fraction, %

59 ± 5

60 ± 6

57 ± 5

0.74

 CMR LVOT diameter, mm

22 ± 2

21 ± 2

21 ± 2^*

0.20

 CMR LVOT area, cm²

5.0 ± 1.0

4.6 ± 0.9^*

4.6 ± 0.7

0.04

 CMR LVOT ellipticity index

1.28 ± 0.08

1.28 ± 0.07

1.30 ± 0.10

0.64

2D-Doppler and Doppler findings

 2D-LVOT diameter, mm

22 ± 2

22 ± 2

20 ± 1^*,†

0.02

 2D-echo LVOT area, cm²

3.8 ± 0.8

3.7 ± 0.6

3.3 ± 0.5^*

0.02

 3D-echo LVOT area, cm²

5.3 ± 1.0

4.9 ± 0.9

4.6 ± 0.9

0.36

 LVOT VTI, cm/s

22 ± 4

22 ± 3

16 ± 3^*,†

<0.01

 2D-indexed SV, mL/m²

44 ± 9

42 ± 5

29 ± 4^*,†

<0.01

 Peak transaortic flow velocity, cm/s

472 ± 49

366 ± 36^*

344 ± 42^*,†

<0.01

 Mean pressure gradient, mm Hg

56 ± 12

32 ± 6^*

29 ± 7^*,†

<0.01

 2D-indexed AVA, cm²/m²

0.38 ± 0.08

0.49 ± 0.06^*

0.39 ± 0.08^†

<0.01

Fused data

 Fused indexed SV, mL/m²

57 ± 10

54 ± 8^*

41 ± 5^*,†

<0.01

 Fused indexed AVA, cm²/m²

0.49 ± 0.09

0.62 ± 0.10^*

0.54 ± 0.11^*,†

<0.01