Fig. 3

Multiplanar reformat MUSIC images of a 1-month old boy infant (4.4 kg) with biventricular hypertrophy (a), bicuspid aortic valve (b), and critical aortic coarctation (c) are shown. Black arrowheads (a) point to thin mitral valve leaflets. Tricuspid valve leaflets and chordae are well characterized (a, white arrowhead). Bicuspid aortic valve leaflets (b, white arrows) demonstrate good excursion throughout the cardiac cycle. The transverse aortic arch (c, white line) is hypoplastic (0.32 cm). Critical aortic coarctation (c, white arrow) along with collaterals (c, white arrowheads) and their dynamic relationship to intracardiac anatomy are well characterized (Additional file 3: Online video 3b). Vessels and intracardiac borders are sharp. There is moderately reduced left ventricular systolic function (Additional file 3: Online video 3b). Turbulent flow through the bicuspid valve and minimal flow through the coarctation are demonstrated in Additional file 3: Online video 3b. FE-MUSIC CMR was ordered to define vascular structures prior to surgery and to delineate the etiology for reduced left ventricular systolic function. Because of the severe coarctation, arch hypoplasia, and reduced left ventricular systolic function, the patient underwent repair of the coarctation and arch augmentation. The global LV hypokinesis and systolic function improved after surgical intervention. The arch anatomy was unclear on echo and the FE-MUSIC findings changed the surgical plan as well as facilitated discussion with parents regarding the overall management plan