Skip to main content
Fig. 5 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Fig. 5

From: Radiation-free CMR diagnostic heart catheterization in children

Fig. 5

Left heart CMR catheterization in patients with atrial septal defect and complete atrioventricular canal defect. Real-time CMR guided left heart catheterization in patients with atrial septal defect (panels ad) and complete atrioventricular canal defect (panels eh) are shown. Each two panel sequence (i.e., Panels a/b, etc.) are in the same imaging plane with standard real-time steady state free precession and after flow-sensitive saturation preparation pulse to null blood pool. Panel (b) shows the gadolinium filled balloon navigated from right atrium across the atrial septal defect to the right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV). Panel (d) shows the balloon navigated to the left ventricle (LV). Panel (f) shows the balloon in the left atrium (LA). Panel (h) shows the balloon after navigation to the left ventricle

Back to article page