Table 4 Associations of the presence and severity of PAD with functional imaging parameters
Parameter | AHO vs. PAD | Mild-to-moderate vs. Severe PAD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AHO | PAD | P-value | Mild-to-moderate | Severe | P-value | ||
ASL-Blood flow (ml/100 g/min) | Anterior | 14.0 (11.6–21.8) | 15.2 (8.1–34.2) | 0.666 | 16.3 (9.9–23.7) | 14.5 (8.1–34.2) | 0.318 |
Lateral | 12.6 (8.3–24.0) | 12.9 (8.2–34.0) | 0.886 | 13.7 (8.2–19.7) | 12.0 (9.2–34.0) | 0.805 | |
Soleus | 15.5 (11.3–28.8) | 14.7 (12.0–40.1) | 0.796 | 16.5 (12.0–26.7) | 14.2 (12.3–40.1) | 0.456 | |
Gastrocnemius | 14.9 (12.4–21.6) | 14.5 (10.5–25.5) | 0.625 | 14.4 (11.0–19.0) | 14.8 (10.5–25.5) | 0.805 | |
BOLD-T2* (ms) | Anterior | 25.9 (20.2–27.5) | 21.9 (13.4–26.8) | 0.002 | 22.3 (21.7–26.8) | 19.4 (13.4–23.5) | 0.011 |
Lateral | 26.6 (21.5–28.3) | 21.8 (11.5–28.7) | 0.011 | 25.2 (19.9–28.7) | 16.6 (11.5–22.9) | 0.004 | |
Soleus | 24.7 (23.4–27.3) | 22.5 (14.8–26.6) | 0.007 | 24.3 (22.1–26.6) | 17.4 (14.8–22.8) | 0.001 | |
Gastrocnemius | 26.7 (23.9–28.3) | 22.5 (13.5–26.1) | 0.001 | 24.7 (20.2–26.1) | 19.3 (13.5–24.8) | 0.011 | |
IVIM-f (%) | Anterior | 5.5 (4.5–6.0) | 5.7 (4.5–12.0) | 0.235 | 5.7 (4.5–12.0) | 6.6 (5.2–7.7) | 0.383 |
Lateral | 5.6 (3.8–6.1) | 5.6 (4.4–14.5) | 0.371 | 4.8 (4.4–14.5) | 5.7 (5.1–8.8) | 0.535 | |
Soleus | 5.2 (4.6–5.5) | 5.2 (3.7–14.2) | 0.472 | 4.9 (3.7–14.2) | 5.4 (5.0–6.7) | 0.456 | |
Gastrocnemius | 4.7 (3.6–5.3) | 5.6 (3.7–7.7) | 0.016 | 5.8 (3.7–7.7) | 5.4 (4.3–5.8) | 0.209 | |
IVIM-D (×10−3 mm2 /s) | Anterior | 1.53 (1.43–1.56) | 1.48 (1.24–2.02) | 0.122 | 1.54 (1.24–2.02) | 1.38 (1.33–1.52) | 0.053 |
Lateral | 1.62 (1.52–1.70) | 1.51 (0.97–1.72) | 0.186 | 1.65 (0.97–1.72) | 1.48 (1.18–1.55) | 0.165 | |
Soleus | 1.52 (1.38–1.67) | 1.44 (1.28–1.99) | 0.235 | 1.47 (1.42–1.99) | 1.32 (1.28–1.58) | 0.038 | |
Gastrocnemius | 1.61 (1.50–1.70) | 1.51 (1.33–1.88) | 0.371 | 1.61 (1.45–1.88) | 1.40 (1.33–1.74) | 0.073 | |
IVIM-D* (×10−3 mm2 /s) | Anterior | 15.5 (11.0–20.9) | 17.2 (11.0–20.5) | 0.437 | 17.4 (11.0–20.5) | 17.0 (14.9–19.9) | 0.620 |
Lateral | 19.0 (16.2–21.4) | 14.8 (9.1–18.1) | 0.001 | 14.2 (9.1–17.7) | 17.3 (10.6–18.1) | 0.318 | |
Soleus | 18.7 (15.6–21.0) | 17.2 (9.4–27.5) | 0.235 | 17.1 (9.4–21.8) | 17.3 (14.4–27.5) | 0.902 | |
Gastrocnemius | 19.8 (17.1–21.3) | 17.3 (12.5–21.9) | 0.391 | 17.6 (12.5–21.8) | 16.4 (14.3–21.9) | 0.902 | |