Aortic flow patterns and wall shear stress maps by 4D-flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the assessment of aortic dilatation in bicuspid aortic valve disease

Rodríguez-Palomares, José Fernando; Dux-Santoy, Lydia; Guala, Andrea; Kale, Raquel; Maldonado, Giuliana; Teixidó-Turà, Gisela; Galian, Laura; Huguet, Marina; Valente, Filipa; Gutiérrez, Laura; González-Alujas, Teresa; Johnson, Kevin M.; Wieben, Oliver; García-Dorado, David; Evangelista, Arturo

doi:10.1186/s12968-018-0451-1

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Table 2 Flow dynamics in controls and BAV patients depending on BAV phenotype and dilatation morphotype

From: Aortic flow patterns and wall shear stress maps by 4D-flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the assessment of aortic dilatation in bicuspid aortic valve disease

		Total population			BAV phenotype			Ascending aorta morphotype (only BAV)
Plane	Measurements	CONTROLS (n = 20)	BAV (n = 101)	p	RL-BAV (n = 78)	RN-BAV (n = 23)	p	Non-dilated (n = 24)	Root (n = 11)	Ascending (n = 66)	p
Prox	Peak velocity magnitude (cm/s)	111.7 ± 21.9	133.9 ± 28.3	0.004	128.5 ± 27.7	152.4 ± 22.2	0.001	122.6 ± 26.8	134.0 ± 23.9	138.0 ± 28.8	0.073
	Peak TP velocity (cm/s)	97.3 ± 19	113.0 ± 23.8	0.020	111.2 ± 24.4	119.3 ± 21.2	0.112	106.8 ± 26.1	113.4 ± 22.0	115.2 ± 23.2	0.343
	Jet angle (°)	24.3 ± 6.2	25.7 ± 12.1	0.666	23.3 ± 11.3	33.8 ± 11.8	< 0.0001	21.1 ± 14.0	24.2 ± 13.8	27.7 ± 10.8	0.042
	Normalized displacement	0.04 ± 0.02	0.15 ± 0.07	< 0.001	0.15 ± 0.06	0.12 ± 0.06	0.045	0.10 ± 0.06	0.12 ± 0.05	0.16 ± 0.05	< 0.0001
	IRF (cm²/s)	−22.9 ± 65.9	139.1 ± 143.5	< 0.001	123.0 ± 128.4	193.4 ± 178.3	0.024	54.2 ± 124.3	162.3 ± 162.4	166.1 ± 136.5	0.001
	WSS_mag,avg (N/m²)	0.52 ± 0.09	0.56 ± 0.16	0.764	0.55 ± 0.15	0.57 ± 0.17	0.789	0.53 ± 0.14	0.55 ± 0.18	0.56 ± 0.15	0.608
	WSS_ax,avg (N/m²)	0.41 ± 0.11	0.18 ± 0.12	< 0.001	0.19 ± 0.11	0.13 ± 0.09	0.046	0.26 ± 0.14	0.21 ± 0.11	0.14 ± 0.08	0.001
	WSS_circ,avg (N/m²)	−0.03 ± 0.11	0.30 ± 0.20	< 0.001	0.29 ± 0.18	0.31 ± 0.35	0.590	0.18 ± 0.22	0.32 ± 0.20	0.33 ± 0.18	0.007
Mid	Peak velocity magnitude (cm/s)	93.1 ± 24.3	118.8 ± 31.1	0.002	116.8 ± 32.3	125.8 ± 26.0	0.232	110.4 ± 22.7	114.5 ± 30.1	122.6 ± 33.5	0.282
	Peak TP velocity (cm/s)	89.7 ± 24.3	100.7 ± 27.7	0.060	101.0 ± 30.3	99.5 ± 16.5	0.833	99.0 ± 22.7	95.8 ± 22.8	102.0 ± 30.1	0.877
	Jet angle (°)	10.2 ± 5.9	28.7 ± 11.4	< 0.001	28.3 ± 12.0	30.1 ± 8.8	0.384	23.0 ± 10.6	25.4 ± 10.3	31.4 ± 11.0	0.001
	Normalized displacement	0.03 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.06	< 0.001	0.09 ± 0.06	0.09 ± 0.04	0.639	0.07 ± 0.06	0.06 ± 0.04	0.11 ± 0.06	0.001
	IRF (cm²/s)	35.1 ± 50.7	199.6 ± 190.3	< 0.001	186.2 ± 177.4	245.0 ± 227.4	0.046	101.1 ± 94.4	190.8 ± 200.2	236.9 ± 203.5	0.003
	WSS_mag,avg (N/m²)	0.54 ± 0.15	0.58 ± 0.21	0.516	0.57 ± 0.21	0.59 ± 0.22	0.907	0.55 ± 0.16	0.56 ± 0.21	0.59 ± 0.23	0.888
	WSS_ax,avg (N/m²)	0.46 ± 0.14	0.29 ± 0.14	< 0.001	0.30 ± 0.13	0.23 ± 0.11	0.019	0.37 ± 0.17	0.30 ± 0.12	0.25 ± 0.10	0.010
	WSS_circ,avg (N/m²)	0.06 ± 0.07	0.29 ± 0.22	< 0.001	0.27 ± 0.20	0.34 ± 0.26	0.038	0.17 ± 0.17	0.28 ± 0.24	0.33 ± 0.21	0.004
	SFRR (%)	3.99 ± 3.74	20.9 ± 13.5	< 0.001	21.4 ± 14.6	19.2 ± 8.7	0.777	12.3 ± 12.7	15.0 ± 11.7	25.0 ± 12.3	< 0.0001
Dist	Peak velocity magnitude (cm/s)	96.3 ± 21.6	106.1 ± 30.0	0.195	105.0 ± 30.2	109.8 ± 29.4	0.439	105.7 ± 20.4	107.5 ± 30.7	106.0 ± 33.0	0.991
	Peak TP velocity (cm/s)	87.4 ± 18.1	85.6 ± 23.6	0.886	86.7 ± 23.3	81.8 ± 24.7	0.388	91.1 ± 19.0	88.3 ± 22.4	83.1 ± 25.1	0.374
	Jet angle (°)	23.0 ± 9.0	24.0 ± 10.6	0.690	25.1 ± 10.8	20.4 ± 9.5	0.138	19.5 ± 6.6	24.1 ± 9.1	25.6 ± 11.6	0.051
	Normalized displacement	0.03 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.04	0.027	0.06 ± 0.04	0.05 ± 0.03	0.749	0.05 ± 0.03	0.06 ± 0.05	0.06 ± 0.04	0.813
	IRF (cm²/s)	36.6 ± 35.3	120.9 ± 140.0	0.013	96.2 ± 117.8	204.7 ± 176.1	0.002	60.7 ± 70.8	106.1 ± 178.3	145.2 ± 146.7	0.005
	WSS_mag,avg (N/m²)	0.58 ± 0.13	0.50 ± 0.18	0.053	0.48 ± 0.16	0.53 ± 0.20	0.333	0.48 ± 0.15	0.53 ± 0.18	0.49 ± 0.18	0.767
	WSS_ax,avg (N/m²)	0.36 ± 0.13	0.24 ± 0.12	0.001	0.25 ± 0.12	0.22 ± 0.10	0.356	0.28 ± 0.16	0.27 ± 0.11	0.22 ± 0.09	0.082
	WSS_circ,avg (N/m²)	0.07 ± 0.05	0.22 ± 0.19	< 0.001	0.19 ± 0.17	0.29 ± 0.22	0.046	0.13 ± 0.13	0.19 ± 0.24	0.25 ± 0.19	0.020
	SFRR (%)	2.63 ± 3.47	10.9 ± 9.0	< 0.001	11.5 ± 9.6	9.1 ± 5.8	0.469	9.3 ± 11.6	8.3 ± 5.5	11.9 ± 8.3	0.026

Values are mean ± SD
TP through-plane, BAV bicuspid aortic valve, RL right-left, RN right-non coronary, IRF in-plane rotational flow, WSS wall shear stress, WSSmag, avg. contour-averaged WSS magnitude, WSSax, avg. contour-averaged axial WSS, WSScirc, avg. contour-averaged circumferential WSS, SFRR systolic flow reversal ratio

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ISSN: 1532-429X

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