Skip to main content

Table 2 Parameters of CMR functional cardiac session

From: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of acute cardiovascular effects of voluntary apnoea in elite divers

CMR functional cardiac session

Baseline ±SD before apnoea

Begin of apnoea ±SD apnoeaearly

End of apnoea ±SD apnoealate

Mean of difference at beginning vs. end of apnoea

SD of differences

95% confidence interval

p-value

HR [bpm]

67.9 ± 17.0

75.5 ± 23.3

61.1 ± 11.8

−14.8

24.4

−27.8 to −1.8

0.0282

LVEDV [ml]

133.4 ± 37.9

122.9 ± 24.2

176.9 ± 26.4

53.4

28.2

38.3 to 68.4

< 0.001

LVESV [ml]

48.0 ± 18.6

47.3 ± 16.8

75.9 ± 16.3

27.4

14.5

19.7 to 35.1

< 0.001

LVEF [%]

64.3 ± 9.2

61.8 ± 9.4

56.8 ± 8.2

−4.2

7.5

−8.2 to −0.2

0.0397

LVSV [ml]

86.4 ± 26.3

75.6 ± 16.9

95.1 ± 32.6

19.5

34.1

2.0 to 37.1

0.0014

LVCO [l/min]

5.7 ± 2.1

5.5 ± 1.6

6.1 ± 1.7

0.6

1.0

0.1 to 1.2

0.021

FS [%]

 apical

43.8 ± 5.9

41.5 ± 7.4

27.9 ± 7.2

−13.7

5.8

−16.7 to − 10.7

< 0.0001

 midventricular

33.9 ± 7.1

30.7 ± 9.0

21.6 ± 4.4

−8.3

7.6

−12.4 to −4.3

0.0005

 basal

30.1 ± 5.4

26.7 ± 7.1

22.6 ± 5.5

−3.2

6.0

−6.7 to 0.2

0.0646

 mean

35.9 ± 4.8

33.0 ± 6.0

23.8 ± 4.4

−8.6

4.4

−10.9 to −6.2

<.0001

  1. HR heart rate, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESV left ventricular end-systolic volume, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVSV left ventricular stroke volume, LVCO left ventricular cardiac output, FS fractional shortening, SD standard deviation; p-values for begin apnoea vs. end of apnoea