Impaired aortic distensibility and elevated central blood pressure in Turner Syndrome: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study

Wen, Jan; Trolle, Christian; Viuff, Mette H.; Ringgaard, Steffen; Laugesen, Esben; Gutmark, Ephraim J.; Subramaniam, Dhananjay Radhakrishnan; Backeljauw, Philippe; Gutmark-Little, Iris; Andersen, Niels H.; Mortensen, Kristian H.; Gravholt, Claus H.

doi:10.1186/s12968-018-0497-0

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Table 1 Anthropometrics and baseline descriptives in Turner syndrome and age and gender-matched controls, and Turner syndrome without CoA (Coarctation of Aorta) and Turner syndrome with CoA

From: Impaired aortic distensibility and elevated central blood pressure in Turner Syndrome: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study

	Turner Syndrome (n = 57)	Controls (n = 36)	P value†	Turner Syndrome without CoA (n = 49)	Turner Syndrome with CoA (n = 8)	P value‡
Age [years]	46.1 ± 10.2	46.0 ± 12.9	0.9	45.9 ± 10.2	47.1 ± 10.3	0.8
Weight [kg]	62.5 ± 14.6	71.2 ± 13.5	0.01	61.8 ± 14.3	66.9 ± 16.4	0.4
Height [cm]	147.2 ± 6.7	169.3 ± 6.4	< 0.001	147.0 ± 7.1	148.1 ± 3.8	0.7
Body Mass Index [kg/m2]	28.9 ± 6.7	24.9 ± 4.6	0.001	28.6 ± 6.6	30.5 ± 7.3	0.5
Body Surface Area	1.5 ± 0.2	1.8 ± 0.2	< 0.001	1.5 ± 0.2	1.6 ± 0.2	0.4
24 h systolic Blood Pressure [mmHg]^a	117.9 ± 12.7	115.2 ± 10.7	0.3	117.5 ± 13.0	120.1 ± 11.6	0.6
24 h diastolic Blood Pressure [mmHg]^a	74.5 ± 10.2	71.7 ± 6.6	0.1	74.3 ± 9.9	75.3 ± 12.5	0.8
Day-time systolic Blood Pressure [mmHg]^a	123.4 ± 13.5	121.4 ± 10.6	0.5	122.8 ± 13.5	126.6 ± 14.2	0.5
Day-time diastolic Blood Pressure [mmHg]^a	78.6 ± 11.4	76.9 ± 6.5	0.4	78.3 ± 10.7	80.3 ± 15.1	0.7
Night-time systolic Blood Pressure [mmHg]^a	106.4 ± 11.9	103.3 ± 11.1	0.2	106.4 ± 12.6	106.4 ± 8.2	1
Night-time diastolic Blood Pressure [mmHg]^a	66.2 ± 8.6	61.5 ± 7.1	0.01	66.3 ± 8.7	65.6 ± 8.9	0.9
Systolic Blood pressure, Sphygmocor (right)	121.3 ± 12.9	119.4 ± 13.8	0.5	120.7 ± 13.3	125.1 ± 10.0	0.4
Diastolic Blood pressure, Sphygmocor (right)	77.6 ± 9.8	72.1 ± 8.8	0.007	77.3 ± 10.1	79.4 ± 8.8	0.6
Systolic Blood pressure, Sphygmocor (left)	118.2 ± 13.8	118.4 ± 14.0	1.0	117.8 ± 14.3	120.6 ± 10.1	0.6
Diastolic Blood pressure, Sphygmocor (left)	76.3 ± 9.4	71.3 ± 9.0	0.01	76.2 ± 9.4	77.1 ± 10.3	0.8
Low Density Lipids [mmol/L]^b	2.6 ± 0.8	2.6 ± 0.9	0.9	2.7 ± 0.8	2.6 ± 0.9	0.9
High Density Lipids [mmol/L]^b	1.8 ± 0.6	1.8 ± 0.5	0.8	1.8 ± 0.5	1.7 ± 0.7	0.9
Triglycerides [mmol/L]^b	1.1 ± 0.7	1.1 ± 1.0	0.8	1.1 ± 0.6	1.4 ± 0.9	0.2
HbA1C [mmol/mol]^b	36.0 [28.0–70.0]	35.5 [26.0–48.0]	0.2	36.0 [28.0–62.0]	38.4 [31.0–70.0]	0.3
Bicuspid aortic valve^c	19% (11/57)	0% (0/36)	0.006	12% (6/49)	63% (5/8)	0.005
Coarctation of the aorta^c	14% (8/57)	0% (0/36)	0.02	0% (0/49)	100% (8/8)	< 0.001
Elongated transverse aorta^c	46% (26/57)	0% (0/36)	< 0.001	43% (21/49)	63% (5/8)	0.3
Type 2 Diabetes^c	18% (10/57)	0% (0/36)	0.006	12% (6/49)	50% (4/8)	0.03
Statins^c	16% (9/57)	3% (1/36)	0.08	14% (7/49)	25% (2/8)	0.4
Aspirin^c	5% (3/57)	0% (0/36)	0.3	6% (3/49)	0% (0/8)	0.6
Antihypertensives^c	49% (28/57)	14% (5/36)	< 0.001	49% (24/49)	50% (4/8)	0.6
Hormone replacement treatment^c	72% (41/57)	3% (1/36)	< 0.001	73% (36/49)	63% (5/8)	0.4

Blood pressure marked with SphygmoCor where used to calibrated measurements done with the SphygmoCor equipment
^afor Turner syndrome: n = 50, for controls: n = 34. For Turner syndrome without CoA: n = 42
^bfor Turner syndrome: n = 56, for controls: n = 36. For Turner syndrome without CoA: n = 48
^cFisher’s Exact Test
†: p-value for the comparison between the entire TS cohort and controls
‡: p-value for the comparison between TS without CoA and TS with CoA

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