Age at Fontan (yr)+
|
3.2 [2.2–6]
|
2.9 [2–4.8]
|
3.3 [2.3–7.6]
|
0.21
|
Age at CMR (yr)
|
21.8 [16.5–30.6]
|
20.7 [16.5–25]
|
23.2 [16.6–32.2]
|
0.20
|
Time since Fontan (yr)
|
17.2 [13.1–22.9]
|
16.5 [13.1–20.9]
|
17.9 [12.9–23.9]
|
0.23
|
Time between CMR and CPET (mos)
|
2.8 [0–13.8]
|
1 [0–14.5]
|
4.5 [0–11.5]
|
0.10
|
Body surface area at CMR (m2)
|
1.7 [1.5–1.9]
|
1.7 [1.5–1.8]
|
1.7 [1.5–2]
|
0.52
|
Cardiac Diagnosis
| | | |
0.14
|
Tricuspid atresia
|
37 (25%)
|
14 (26%)
|
23 (24%)
| |
Double-inlet left ventricle
|
24 (16%)
|
7 (13%)
|
17 (18%)
| |
HLHS
|
25 (17%)
|
14 (26%)
|
11 (12%)
| |
Unbalanced AV canal
|
9 (6%)
|
4 (8%)
|
5 (5%)
| |
Double-outlet right ventricle
|
25 (17)
|
9 (17%)
|
16 (17%)
| |
Complex 2 ventricle
|
13 (9%)
|
2 (4%)
|
11 (12%)
| |
Hypoplastic TV/RV
|
6 (4%)
|
0 (0%)
|
6 (7%)
| |
Pulmonary atresia/IVS
|
2 (1%)
|
1 (2%)
|
1 (1%)
| |
Mitral atresia
|
6 (4%)
|
2 (4%)
|
4 (4%)
| |
Levocardia
|
122 (83%)
|
78 (83%)
|
44 (83%)
|
0.90
|
HLHS only
|
25 (17%)
|
14 (26%)
|
11 (12%)
|
0.04
|
Heterotaxy
|
17 (12%)
|
8 (16%)
|
9 (10%)
|
0.23
|
Genetic diagnosis
|
11 (7%)
|
5 (9%)
|
6 (6%)
|
0.45
|
Dominant ventricular morphology
| | | |
0.68
|
Left ventricle
|
58 (40%)
|
19 (42%)
|
39 (42%)
| |
Right ventricle
|
49 (33%)
|
20 (32%)
|
29 (31%)
| |
2 ventricles
|
40 (27%)
|
14 (26%)
|
26 (27%)
| |
History of neonatal surgery
|
79 (54%)
|
34 (64%)
|
45 (48%)
|
0.06
|
History of Glenn operation
|
75 (51%)
|
33 (62%)
|
39 (41%)
|
0.02
|
History of Damus-Kaye-Stansel
|
42 (29%)
|
21 (40%)
|
21 (22%)
|
0.04
|
Bilateral Glenn operation
|
13 (8.8%)
|
5 (10%)
|
8 (10%)
|
0.50
|
Fontan Type
| | | |
0.43
|
Lateral tunnel
|
98 (67%)
|
41 (77%)
|
57 (60%)
| |
RA-Pulmonary artery
|
31 (21%)
|
8 (15%)
|
23 (25%)
| |
Extracardiac
|
11 (8%)
|
3 (6%)
|
8 (11%)
| |
RA-RV Fontan
|
5 (3.4%)
|
1 (2%)
|
4 (4%)
| |
History of any PA interventiona
|
34 (23%)
|
20 (38%)
|
13 (14%)
|
0.004
|
History of PA intervention before Fontan
|
12 (8%)
|
10 (19%)
|
2 (2%)
|
0.001
|
History of PA intervention at Fontan
|
3 (2%)
|
1 (2%)
|
2 (2%)
|
0.70
|
History of PA intervention after Fontan
|
19 (13%)
|
10 (19%)
|
9 (10%)
|
0.09
|
Pulmonary vein stenosisa
|
5 (3%)
|
4 (7%)
|
1 (1%)
|
0.06
|