Fig. 7

Example of a false-positive score of the subclavian vein in a 67 year-old female with end-stage renal disease and upper extremity swelling. 3 T maximum intensity projection FE-CMRV (a) and color 3D volume rendering (b) show two foci of high-grade stenosis of the right subclavian vein (red arrows in A and white arrows in b) and right internal jugular occlusion (white arrowhead in b), initially interpreted as occluded. Catheter venography (c) confirms subclavian vein stenoses (white arrows in c) and dilated proximal subclavian vein (white arrowhead in c). Full field-of-view color 3D volume rendering (d) shows extensive venous collaterals throughout the body