Fig. 5From: Accelerated aortic 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance using compressed sensing: applicability, validation and clinical integrationPathline screenshots. Particle traces ejected from the aorta show aberrant flow patterns in patients #1 and #2 with bicuspid aortic valves (a and b) and patient #3 with Marfan syndrome (c). Patients #1 and #2 show pronounced right-handed helical flow patterns in the AAo; a smaller, slower helix is superimposed by a larger, faster and less-twisted helix. In patient #3 a helical flow along the DAo can be observed. For the corresponding movies please refer to the Additional files 4, 5 and 6Back to article page