Table 2 Baseline echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters
Healthy controls | Cirrhosis | Child-Pugh class A/B | Child-Pugh class C | P value† | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 17 | N = 33 | N = 10 | N = 23 | |||
LVEF (%) | 62.7 ± 5.6 | 66.0 ± 5.2 | 66.4 ± 3.5 | 65.8 ± 5.8 | 0.049 | 0.777 |
LV EDD (mm) | 47.9 ± 4.0 | 48.0 ± 5.5 | 48.6 ± 4.8 | 47.7 ± 5.9 | 0.969 | 0.686 |
LV ESD (mm) | 29.7 ± 4.3 | 28.0 ± 4.3 | 28.2 ± 3.4 | 28.0 ± 4.7 | 0.206 | 0.905 |
LV wall thickness (mm) | 9.1 ± 0.9 | 8.9 ± 1.3 | 9.2 ± 1.3 | 8.8 ± 1.3 | 0.747 | 0.456 |
E/A ratio | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 0.165 | 0.431 |
Deceleration time (msec) | 210.2 ± 30.2 | 212.3 ± 41.0 | 232.3 ± 39.6 | 203.2 ± 39.1 | 0.857 | 0.061 |
E/e’ ratio | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 10.4 ± 2.5 | 10.8 ± 2.4 | 10.2 ± 2.5 | 0.018 | 0.431 |
Diastolic function | 0.474 | 0.776 | ||||
Normal | 9 (52.9%) | 17 (51.5%) | 5 (50.0%) | 12 (52.2%) | ||
Indeterminate | 7 (41.2%) | 15 (45.5%) | 5 (50.0%) | 10 (43.5%) | ||
Grade 1 | 1 (5.9%) | 0 (0%) | ||||
Grade 2 | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.3%) | ||
LA dimension (mm) | 38.2 ± 3.8 | 43.7 ± 7.7 | 47.1 ± 8.9 | 42.2 ± 6.7 | 0.008 | 0.094 |
LAVI (mL/m2) | 39.8 ± 7.8 | 47.3 ± 11.2 | 45.6 ± 12.0 | 48.0 ± 11.0 | 0.020 | 0.565 |
Estimated PASP (mmHg) | 32.1 ± 3.1 | 33.8 ± 5.3 | 31.0 ± 2.9 | 35.1 ± 5.7 | 0.348 | 0.040 |
GLS (%) | −18.6 ± 2.2 | −24.2 ± 2.7 | −25.2 ± 2.7 | −23.8 ± 2.6 | < 0.001 | 0.170 |
GCS (%) | −26.1 ± 4.7 | −27.8 ± 5.1 | −27.7 ± 5.1 | −27.8 ± 5.2 | 0.254 | 0.950 |
Positive agitated saline test (n, %) | 0 (0%) | 22 (66.7%) | 6 (60.0%) | 16 (69.6%) | – | 0.592 |
QTc interval (msec) | 410.5 ± 8.6 | 470.3 ± 36.1 | 453.7 ± 19.9 | 477.6 ± 39.4 | < 0.001 | 0.081 |