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Fig. 1 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Fig. 1

From: 4D flow CMR analysis comparing patients with anatomically shaped aortic sinus prostheses, tube prostheses and healthy subjects introducing the wall shear stress gradient: a case control study

Fig. 1

Location of contours in the aorta. a Exemplary depiction of contour placement in a 4D Flow dataset of a healthy subject. Contours were placed at reproducible anatomical landmarks at the aortic bulbus (bulbus), halfway between the valve and the origin of the brachiocephalic trunk in the ascending aorta (AoAsc), proximal to the origin of the brachiocephalic trunk in the distal ascending aorta (dAscAo), between the origins of the left common carotid and subclavian artery in the aortic arch (Arch), at the ductus diverticulum (DD) and in the descending aorta (AoDesc). Correct placement was confirmed via a virtual angiography generated from complex difference data. b Each contour was divided into 8 equally sized sub-segments for wall shear stress (WSS) analysis. To ensure for spatial comparability between planes segments 1 and 2 were orientated to face the outer curvature of the aorta. Recorded WSS parameters were: WSS averaged per plane (WSSavg); maximum WSS per segment (max. WSSseg); WSS Gradient (WSSGrad), calculated as maximum WSSseg – minimum WSSseg

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