Table 1 Demographics and clinical data of the studies participants

Age [years]

55 ± 15

(26–73)

61 ± 13

(53–72)

55 ± 6

(47–69)

0.03

0.04

0.42

0.04

Weight [kg]

89 ± 9

(76–100)

83 ± 15

(78–92)

69 ± 13

(53–92)

0.53

0.81

< 0.01

0.10

Gender ratio [male:female]

Height [cm]

183 ± 10

(160–200)

178 ± 6

(174–182)

171 ± 7

(161–183)

0.10

0.33

< 0.01

0.08

BMI [kg/m2]

27 ± 4

(21–32)

25 ± 6

(23–28)

24 ± 3

(20–30)

0.44

0.98

0.30

0.38

Blood pressure [mmHg]

147 ± 21/81 ± 9

115–180/60–95

135 ± 12/85 ± 7

(125–146/80–89)

127 ± 19/80 ± 10

110–160/70–100)

0.04/0.08

0.24/0.27

0.03/0.50

0.02/0.03

Aortic valve, [tri−/bicuspid]

Heart rate [bpm]

68 ± 11

(52–87)

61 ± 6

(56–63)

63 ± 9

(49–76)

0.22

0.50

0.88

0.02

Ejection fraction [%]

58 ± 7

(43–66)

51 ± 12

(49–58)

65 ± 3

(61–69)

0.14

0.85

0.02

0.08