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Fig. 6 | Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Fig. 6

From: Carotid geometry is an independent predictor of wall thickness – a 3D cardiovascular magnetic resonance study in patients with high cardiovascular risk

Fig. 6

Blood flow velocity and wall shear stress parameters in a patient with a non-stenosing ICA plaque (a) and in a patient with a 40% ICA stenosis (b) in a posterolateral (first column) and head view (second column). Streamlines (left side) indicate lower velocity magnitudes in the absence of a stenosis (green arrows in a) resulting in lower wall shear stress (WSS) values in the posterior carotid bulb. These are exemplarily presented in plane 3 as segment-wise absolute WSS (third column) and as 3D maps of absolute WSS (fourth column). Presence of a stenosis resulted in a significant acceleration of blood flow velocities (first and second column, red arrows) and a consecutive rise in absolute WSS values (red arrow, third and fourth column). Color coding in first and second column represent absolute blood flow velocities in m/s. CCA = common carotid artery; ICA = internal carotid artery; ECA = external carotid artery. WSS = wall shear stress

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