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Table 22 Reference, cardiac chamber size in the athlete

From: Reference ranges (“normal values”) for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in adults and children: 2020 update

First author, year

CMR technique

n, gender, sports intensity

Age range (years)

Prakken, 2010 [50]

1.5 T, short axis bSSFP, papillary muscles included in LV volume

83, male, regular athletes (9–18 h/week)

18–39

46, male, elite athletes (> 18 h/week)

18–39

60, female, regular athletes (9–18 h/week)

18–39

33, female, elite athletes (> 18 h/week)

18–39

56, male, non-athletes

18–39

58, female, non-athletes

18–39

  1. n number of study subjects, bSSFP balanced steady-state free precession