Reference ranges (“normal values”) for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in adults and children: 2020 update

Table 61 Native myocardial T1 relaxation time and extracellular volume fraction (ECV)

Parameter	FS (T)	Vendor	Technique	n	Mean_p	SD_p	LL–UL^m
Native T1 time (ms)	1.5	Siemens	MOLLI	417^a	972	43	885–1059
	1.5	Siemens	ShMOLLI	971^b	960	29	903–1017
	1.5	Philips	MOLLI	215^c	989	42	905–1073
	3	Siemens	MOLLI	301^d	1196	47	1103–1290
	3	Siemens	ShMOLLI	197^e	1130	55	1021–1240
	3	Philips	MOLLI	201^f	1097	66	964–1230
ECV (%)	1.5	Siemens	MOLLI	199^g	26	3	20–32
	1.5	Siemens	ShMOLLI	295^h	27	3	21–33
	1.5	Philips	MOLLI	56ⁱ	23	3	17–29
	3	Siemens	MOLLI	129^j	26	3	20–32
	3	Siemens	ShMOLLI	57^k	25	2	20–29
	3	Philips	MOLLI	100^l	26	5	16–36

ECV extracellular volume fraction, FS field strength, T Tesla, n number of study subjects included in the weighted mean values, mean_p pooled weighted mean, SD_p pooled standard deviation, LL lower limit, UL upper limit, MOLLI modified look locker inversion-recovery, ShMOLLI short MOLLI, Siemens Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany, Philips Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands
^aPooled weighted values from references [118, 121, 129, 132, 136, 141, 142]
^bPooled weighted values from references [116, 122,123,124, 128, 130, 131, 135, 142, 147, 148]
^cPooled weighted values from references [127, 139, 145, 146]
^dPooled weighted values from references [125, 133, 136, 144, 149]
^ePooled weighted values from references [137, 138]
^fPooled weighted values from references [126, 134, 140, 145]
^gPooled weighted values from references [121, 129, 142]
^hPooled weighted values from references [124, 128, 130, 131, 142]
ⁱValues from reference [127]
^jPooled weighted values from references [143, 144, 149]
^kValues from reference [137]
^lPooled weighted values from references [139, 140]
^mCalculated as mean_p ± 2*SD_p

ISSN: 1532-429X