Reference ranges (“normal values”) for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in adults and children: 2020 update

Table 7 Left ventricular diameters in the adult for men and women, bSSFP technique

Parameter	Men				Women
Parameter	n	Mean_p	SD_p	LL–UL^e	n	Mean_p	SD_p	LL–UL^e
LV end-diastolic diameter 4Ch (mm)^a	227	52	5	42–62	188	49	5	39–59
LV end-diastolic diameter SAx (mm)^b	400	53	5	44–62	572	49	4	41–57
LV end-systolic diameter 4Ch (mm)^c	54	32	3	26–38	53	28	6	16–40
LV end-systolic diameter SAx (mm)^d	60	34	3	28–40	60	31	4	23–39

bSSFP balanced steady-state free precession, n number of study subjects included in the weighted mean values, mean_p pooled weighted mean, SD_p pooled standard deviation, LL lower limit, UL upper limit, LV left ventricular, 4Ch 4 chamber view, SAx short axis
^aPooled weighted values from references [18, 24]
^bPooled weighted values from references [15, 25]
^cValues from reference [24]
^dValues from reference [15]
^eCalculated as mean_p ± 2*SD_p