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Table 2 CMR parameters of recovered COVID-19 patients and normal controls

From: Cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients: mid-term follow up by cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Characteristic

Total (n = 75)

COVID-19 patients (n = 44)

Healthy controls (n = 31)

P-Value*

Adjusted P-value**

Adjusted P-value***

Adjusted P-value****

LGE-positvie (n = 13)

LGE-negative (n = 31)

Age (years) Average ± SD

47.4 ± 12.3

53.2 ± 14.5

45.2 ± 12.3

47.1 ± 11.0

0.15

0.05

0.14

0.55

Gender, Male

38 (50.7%)

4 (30.8%)

15 (48.4%)

19 (61.3%)

0.17

0.34

0.06

0.31

BSA (kg/m2)

1.8 ± 0.2

1.7 ± 0.2

1.8 ± 0.2

1.8 ± 0.2

0.38

0.59

0.20

0.33

Heart rate (bpm)

66.4 ± 10.6

63.8 ± 6.6

67.2 ± 13.4

66.6 ± 8.8

0.61

0.33

0.43

0.81

LVEDV

129.1 ± 25.5

120.9 ± 26.8

130.9 ± 27.8

130.8 ± 22.7

0.45

0.24

0.25

0.99

LVESV

48.5 ± 12.6

42.8 ± 9.7

49.8 ± 13.3

49.7 ± 12.6

0.20

0.10

0.10

0.98

LVSV

80.6 ± 17.1

78.0 ± 21.0

81.1 ± 16.6

81.1 ± 17.1

0.84

0.58

0.60

0.98

LVEF

62.5 ± 5.7

64.3 ± 5.9

62.2 ± 4.4

62.0 ± 6.7

0.46

0.28

0.23

0.88

LVCO

5.3 ± 1.2

4.9 ± 1.1

5.3 ± 1.1

5.4 ± 1.2

0.44

0.25

0.23

0.93

LVCI

3.0 ± 0.6

2.8 ± 0.5

3.0 ± 0.6

3.0 ± 0.6

0.54

0.27

0.50

0.59

LV mass

76.7 ± 15.1

72.5 ± 14.5

74.3 ± 15.4

80.7 ± 14.7

0.14

0.72

0.10

0.97

LVEDV/BSA

72.4 ± 11.7

69.3 ± 10.6

73.8 ± 12.7

72.4 ± 11.2

0.52

0.25

0.43

0.63

LVESV/BSA

27.1 ± 6.4

24.7 ± 5.1

27.8 ± 6.4

27.5 ± 6.8

0.31

0.14

0.19

0.85

LVSV/BSA

45.3 ± 7.9

44.6 ± 8.6

46.0 ± 7.8

44.8 7.9

0.81

0.60

0.93

0.57

LVCO/BSA

3.0 ± 0.6

2.8 ± 0.5

3.0 ± 0.6

3.0 ± 0.6

0.49

0.24

0.44

0.59

LV mass/BSA

42.9 ± 5.6

41.6 ± 5.6

41.8 ± 5.4

44.4 ± 5.7

0.13

0.91

0.13

0.07

RVEDV

128.8 ± 31.5

118.1 ± 32.8

129.6 ± 34.2

133.5 ± 27.9

0.34

0.31

0.14

0.54

RVESV

54.4 ± 18.3

47.3 ± 15.0

56.7 ± 21.3

55.0 ± 16.1

0.30

0.13

0.20

0.73

RVSV

74.5 ± 18.7

70.8 ± 22.6

72.1 ± 19.2

78.5 ± 16.1

0.30

0.84

0.22

0.18

RVEF

58.1 ± 7.7

59.5 ± 8.6

56.6 ± 8.3

59.1 ± 6.5

0.35

0.26

0.89

0.20

RVCO

4.9 ± 1.2

4.5 ± 1.3

4.8 ± 1.3

5.2 ± 1.0

0.16

0.46

0.08

0.18

RVCI

2.8 ± 0.6

2.6 ± 0.7

2.7 ± 0.7

2.8 ± 0.5

0.40

0.40

0.18

0.51

RVEDV/BSA

71.3 ± 13.8

67.6 ± 14.4

72.4 ± 15.2

71.81 ± 12.23

0.569

0.30

0.36

0.87

RVESV/BSA

30.4 ± 9.1

27.0 ± 7.0

31.8 ± 10.3

30.5 ± 8.4

0.30

0.12

0.25

0.61

RVSV/BSA

41.5 ± 9.0

40.5 ± 10.9

40.8 ± 9.5

42.6 ± 7.9

0.68

0.94

0.50

0.44

RVCO/BSA

2.7 ± 0.6

2.6 ± 0.7

2.7 ± 0.7

2.9 ± 0.5

0.32

0.50

0.15

0.33

Native T1(ms)

–

1286 ± 60

1253 ± 55

 

0.09

   

3D-Strain

 

LV peak GRS

42.6 ± 19.5

40.5 ± 18.7

46.3 ± 23.0

39.8 ± 15.8

0.39

0.37

0.91

0.19

LV peak GCS

− 17.5 ± 6.5

− 15.1 ± 10.3

− 16.7 ± 6.9

− 19.4 ± 3.0

0.08

0.45

0.04

0.10

LV peak GLS

− 12.7 ± 3.3

− 11.9 ± 3.9

− 12.7 ± 3.6

− 13.1 ± 2.8

0.58

0.47

0.30

0.68

RV peak GRS

31.6 ± 12.6

31.4 ± 14.5

28.8 ± 11.1

34.4 ± 10.4

0.16

0.49

0.42

0.06

RV peak GCS

− 11.9 ± 4.2

− 9.4 ± 3.4

− 12.1 ± 4.0

− 12.9 ± 4.3

0.04

0.05

0.01

0.46

RV peak GLS

− 11.3 ± 4.0

− 7.8 ± 4.0

− 12.9 ± 3.0

− 11.3 ± 3.9

0.00

0.003

0.00

0.08

  1. Boldface characters indicate p (adjusted p) < 0.05
  2. BSA body surface area, CI cardiac index, CO cardiac output, EDV end-diastolic volume, EF ejection fraction, ESV end-systolic volume, GCS global circumferential strain, GLS global longitudinal strain, GRS global radial strain, LGE late gadolinium enhancement, LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle, SV stroke volume
  3. *P-value is for patients with LGE-positive versus patients with LGE-negative versus normal controls
  4. **Adjusted P-value: Statistical difference between patients with and without LGE on CMR imagings
  5. ***P-value: Statistical difference between patients with LGE-positive on CMR imagings and normal controls
  6. ****P-value: Statistical difference between patients with LGE-negative on CMR imagings and normal controls
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Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

ISSN: 1532-429X

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