Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
Healthy control subjects (n = 25) | Recovered NDCM (n = 21) | Unrecovered NDCM (n = 58) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, y | 48 ± 11 | 46 ± 14 | 53 ± 16 | 0.064 |
Male, % | 18 (72%) | 19 (90%) | 42 (72%) | 0.219 |
Systolic BP, mmHg | 120 ± 11 | 124 ± 19 | 122 ± 16 | 0.603 |
Diastolic BP, mmHg | 74 ± 9 | 81 ± 16 | 77 ± 12 | 0.178 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 74 ± 11 | 81 ± 19§ | 70 ± 17 | 0.016 |
Body surface area, m22 | 1.80 ± 0.25 | 1.99 ± 0.30†§ | 1.85 ± 0.24 | 0.027 |
NYHA classes | ||||
I–II% | − | 9 (43%) | 29 (50%) | 0.575 |
III–IV% | − | 12 (57%) | 29 (50%) | |
Laboratory characteristics | ||||
Hemoglobin, g/L | 146 ± 9 | 148 ± 17§ | 140 ± 16 | 0.039 |
Scr, mmol/L | 78 ± 16 | 85 ± 19 | 83 ± 17 | 0.775 |
Baseline NT-proBNP, ng/l | 69 (49,78) | 1818 (817,5151)† | 1598 (739,3662)† | 0.450 |
Follow-up NT-proBNP, ng/l | − | 69 (22,131)§ | 880 (286,1905) | < 0.001 |
Electrocardiogram variables | ||||
QRS duration, ms | 87 ± 7 | 91 ± 15 | 99 ± 23† | 0.103 |
Baseline CMR parameters | ||||
LVMI, g/m2 | 54 ± 10 | 81 ± 21† | 87 ± 28† | 0.293 |
LVEDVI, ml/m22 | 68 ± 11 | 129 ± 29† | 140 ± 44† | 0.228 |
LVESVI, ml/m2 | 29 ± 6 | 94 ± 26† | 106 ± 36† | 0.119 |
LVSVI, ml/m2 | 40 ± 12 | 35 ± 9 | 34 ± 13† | 0.695 |
LVEF, % | 58 ± 5 | 28 ± 7† | 25 ± 7† | 0.080 |
LVCI, L/min/m2 | 2.94 ± 0.74 | 2.80 ± 0.87 | 2.45 ± 0.93† | 0.131 |
RVEF, % | 54 ± 6 | 41 ± 6† | 42 ± 9† | 0.613 |
LGE, +% (visual) | − | 5 (24%) | 24 (41%) | 0.152 |
LGE quantitative, 2 SD% | − | 24.8 ± 13.0 | 28.1 ± 16.7 | 0.415 |
LGE quantitative, 4 SD% | − | 8.8 (4.2,17.3) | 12.3 (2.9,21.1) | 0.842 |
LGE quantitative, 6 SD% | − | 3.5 (1.2,9.0) | 5.2 (0.7,11.4) | 0.868 |
Follow-up CMR parameters | ||||
LVMI, g/m2 | − | 66 ± 15§ | 84 ± 31 | 0.014 |
LVEDVI, ml/m2 | − | 79 ± 18§ | 118 ± 37 | < 0.001 |
LVESVI, ml/m2 | − | 34 ± 10§ | 81 ± 32 | < 0.001 |
LVSVI, ml/m2 | − | 45 ± 9 | 38 ± 20 | 0.123 |
LVEF, % | − | 57 ± 5§ | 31 ± 10 | < 0.001 |
LVCI, L/min/m2 | − | 3.26 ± 0.60§ | 2.64 ± 1.35 | 0.047 |
RVEF, % | − | 48 ± 5 | 46 ± 9 | 0.094 |
Medications | ||||
ACEI/ARB, % | − | 20 (95%) | 53 (91%) | 0.567 |
Beta-blocker, % | − | 21 (100%) | 57 (98%) | 0.545 |
Spironolactone, % | − | 18 (86%) | 52 (90%) | 0.626 |
Diuretics, % | − | 18 (86%) | 52 (90%) | 0.626 |
Digoxin, % | − | 4 (19%) | 6 (12%) | 0.325 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Diabetes mellitus, % | − | 5 (24%) | 13 (22%) | 0.896 |
Hypertension, % | − | 11 (52%) | 20 (34%) | 0.304 |