Table 3 Left ventricular rotational mechanical parameters
|  | TOF Pre-PVR (n = 60) | TOF Post-PVR (n = 60) | Healthy controls (n = 30) | TOF Pre-PVR vs. controls P-value | TOF post-PVR vs. controls P-value | TOF Pre-PVR vs. TOF Post-PVR P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Direction of rotation | ||||||
 Apical rotation counterclockwise, n (%) |  |  |  | 0.173 | 0.548 |  |
  Yes | 54 (90.0) | 57 (95.0) | 30 (100) |  |  |  |
  No | 6 (10.0) | 3 (5.0) | 0 (0) |  |  |  |
 Basal rotation clockwise, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 | 0.004 |  |
  Yes | 40 (66.7) | 46 (76.7) | 30 (100) |  |  |  |
  No | 20 (33.3) | 14 (23.3) | 0 (0) |  |  |  |
 Torsion positive, n (%) |  |  |  | 0.297 | 0.548 |  |
  Yes | 56 (93.3) | 57 (95.0) | 30 (100) |  |  |  |
  No | 4 (6.7) | 3 (5.0) | 0 (0) |  |  |  |
Rotation degrees | ||||||
 Peak apical rotation (deg) | 4.0 ± 3.6 | 4.5 ± 3.3 | 5.7 ± 2.2 | 0.009 | 0.041 | 0.380 |
 Peak basal rotation (deg) | − 1.6 ± 2.5 | − 1.2 ± 1.8 | − 3.3 ± 1.6 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.203 |
 Twist (deg) | 5.9 ± 4.6 | 6.1 ± 4.4 | 10.0 ± 3.3 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.768 |
 Torsion (deg/cm) | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.5 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.443 |